Borrud Lori, Chiappa Michele M, Burt Vicki L, Gahche Jaime, Zipf George, Johnson Clifford L, Dohrmann Sylvia M
National Center for Health Statistics.
Westat.
Vital Health Stat 2. 2014 Apr(163):1-24.
In October 2008, the federal government issued its first-ever Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans to provide science-based guidance on the types and amounts of physical activity that provide substantial health benefits for Americans (1). Guidelines for children and adolescents recommend 60 minutes or more of aerobic, muscle-strengthening, or bone-strengthening physical activity daily (1). While the number of children in the United States who meet the recommendations in the Physical Activity Guidelines is unknown, the percentage that is physically active in the United States may be declining. No recent national data exist on the fitness levels of children and adolescents. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey's (NHANES) National Youth Fitness Survey (NNYFS) was conducted in 2012 and collected data on physical activity and fitness levels for U.S. children and adolescents aged 3-15 years.
The objective of NNYFS was to provide national-level estimates of the physical activity and fitness levels of children, based on interview and physical examination data. Results from the survey are intended to contribute to the development of policies and programs to improve youth fitness nationally. The data also may be used in the development of national reference standards for measures of fitness and physical activity. Methods The NNYFS survey design used the design for NHANES, which is a multistage probability sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized resident population of the United States. NNYFS consisted of a household interview and a physical activity and fitness examination in a mobile examination center. A total of 1,640 children and adolescents aged 3-15 were interviewed, and 1,576 were examined.
2008年10月，联邦政府发布了有史以来第一份《美国人身体活动指南》，旨在为能给美国人带来显著健康益处的身体活动类型和量提供基于科学的指导意见（1）。针对儿童和青少年的指南建议每天进行60分钟或更长时间的有氧运动、肌肉强化运动或骨骼强化运动（1）。虽然美国达到《身体活动指南》建议标准的儿童数量尚不清楚，但美国儿童中进行身体活动的比例可能正在下降。目前尚无关于儿童和青少年健康水平的最新全国性数据。美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）的全国青少年健康调查（NNYFS）于2012年开展，收集了美国3至15岁儿童和青少年的身体活动及健康水平数据。
NNYFS的目标是根据访谈和体格检查数据，对儿童的身体活动和健康水平进行全国范围的估计。该调查结果旨在为制定旨在提高全国青少年健康水平的政策和项目做出贡献。这些数据还可用于制定健康和身体活动测量的国家参考标准。方法NNYFS调查设计采用了NHANES的设计方案，NHANES是美国非机构化平民常住人口的多阶段概率样本。NNYFS包括一次家庭访谈以及在移动检查中心进行的身体活动和健康检查。总共对1640名3至15岁的儿童和青少年进行了访谈，对1576人进行了检查。
