Therapeutics Research Centre, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia and Basil Hetzel Institute for Medical Research, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia.
Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus Plaine CP205, Boulevard du Triomphe, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium.
Cells. 2013 Aug 2;2(3):591-606. doi: 10.3390/cells2030591.
Intravital fluorescence microscopy enables the direct imaging of fluorophores in vivo and advanced techniques such as fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) enable the simultaneous detection of multiple fluorophores. Consequently, it is now possible to record distribution and metabolism of a chemical in vivo and to optimise the delivery of fluorophores in vivo. Recent clinical applications with fluorescein and other intravital fluorescent stains have occurred in neurosurgery, dermatology [including photodynamic therapy (PDT)] and endomicroscopy. Potential uses have been identified in periodontal disease, skin graft and cancer surgery. Animal studies have demonstrated that diseased tissue can be specifically stained with fluorophore conjugates. This review focuses on the fluorescein derived fluorophores in common clinical use and provides examples of novel applications from studies in tissue samples.
活体荧光显微镜能够直接对体内荧光团进行成像，而荧光寿命成像 (FLIM) 等先进技术则能够实现对多个荧光团的同时检测。因此，现在可以记录化学物质在体内的分布和代谢情况，并优化荧光团在体内的输送。近年来，荧光素和其他活体荧光染料在神经外科、皮肤科[包括光动力疗法 (PDT)]和内窥检查中的应用已经出现。在牙周病、皮肤移植和癌症手术中也已经确定了其潜在用途。动物研究表明，患病组织可以用荧光团缀合物进行特异性染色。本综述重点介绍了临床常用的荧光素衍生荧光团，并提供了来自组织样本研究的新应用示例。
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