Gebreegziabiher Dawit, Desta Kassu, Desalegn Girmay, Howe Rawleigh, Abebe Markos
Armauer Hansen Research Institute (AHRI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Mekelle University, Mekele, Ethiopia.
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
PLoS One. 2014 Apr 7;9(4):e93429. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093429. eCollection 2014.
M. tuberculosis and helminth infection each affects one third of the world population. Helminth infections down regulate cell mediated immune responses and this may contribute to lower efficacy of BCG vaccination and higher prevalence of tuberculosis.
To determine the effect of maternal helminth infection on maternal and neonatal immune function and immunity to TB.
In this cross sectional study, eighty five pregnant women were screened for parasitic and latent TB infections using Kato-Katz and QFT-GIT tests, respectively. IFN-γ and IL-4 ELISpot on Cord blood Mononuclear Cells, and total IgE and TB specific IgG ELISA on cord blood plasma was performed to investigate the possible effect of maternal helminth and/or latent TB co-infection on maternal and neonatal immune function and immunity to TB.
The prevalence of helminth infections in pregnant women was 27% (n = 23), with Schistosoma mansoni the most common helminth species observed (20% of women were infected). Among the total of 85 study participants 25.8% were QFT-GIT positive and 17% had an indeterminate result. The mean total IgE value of cord blood was significantly higher in helminth positive than negative women (0.76 vs 0.47, p = 0.042). Cross placental transfer of TB specific IgG was significantly higher in helminth positive (21.9 ± 7.9) than negative (12.3 ± 5.1), p = 0.002) Latent TB Infection positive participants. The IFN-γ response of CBMCs to ESAT-6/CFP-10 cocktail (50 vs 116, p = 0.018) and PPD (58 vs 123, p = 0.02) was significantly lower in helminth positive than negative participants. There was no significant difference in IL-4 response of CBMCs between helminth negative and positive participants.
Maternal helminth infection had a significant association with the IFN-γ response of CBMCs, total IgE and cross placental transfer of TB specific IgG. Therefore, further studies should be conducted to determine the effect of these factors on neonatal immune response to BCG vaccination.
结核分枝杆菌和蠕虫感染分别影响着全球三分之一的人口。蠕虫感染会下调细胞介导的免疫反应，这可能导致卡介苗接种效果降低以及结核病患病率升高。
确定孕产妇蠕虫感染对孕产妇和新生儿免疫功能以及结核免疫力的影响。
在这项横断面研究中，分别使用加藤厚涂片法和全血γ干扰素释放试验（QFT-GIT）对85名孕妇进行寄生虫和潜伏性结核感染筛查。对脐血单个核细胞进行γ干扰素（IFN-γ）和白细胞介素-4（IL-4）酶联免疫斑点试验，并对脐血血浆进行总免疫球蛋白E（IgE）和结核特异性IgG酶联免疫吸附试验，以研究孕产妇蠕虫和/或潜伏性结核合并感染对孕产妇和新生儿免疫功能以及结核免疫力的可能影响。
孕妇蠕虫感染患病率为27%（n = 23），其中曼氏血吸虫是最常见的蠕虫种类（20%的女性感染）。在85名研究参与者中，25.8%的人QFT-GIT检测呈阳性，17%的人结果不确定。蠕虫感染阳性孕妇的脐血总IgE平均水平显著高于阴性孕妇（0.76对0.47，p = 0.042）。蠕虫感染阳性（21.9±7.9）的潜伏性结核感染阳性参与者的结核特异性IgG经胎盘转移显著高于阴性（12.3±5.1）者，p = 0.002）。蠕虫感染阳性参与者的脐血单个核细胞对早期分泌性抗原靶6/培养滤液蛋白10（ESAT-6/CFP-10）混合抗原（50对116，p = 0.018）和结核菌素纯蛋白衍生物（PPD）（58对123，p = 0.02）的IFN-γ反应显著低于阴性参与者。蠕虫感染阴性和阳性参与者的脐血单个核细胞IL-4反应无显著差异。
孕产妇蠕虫感染与脐血单个核细胞的IFN-γ反应、总IgE以及结核特异性IgG的经胎盘转移显著相关。因此，应进一步开展研究以确定这些因素对新生儿卡介苗接种免疫反应的影响。
