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Dpto. Biotecnología Microbiana. Centro Nacional de Biotecnología. (CNB-CSIC). Darwin 3. Madrid 28049, Spain.
Genes (Basel). 2011 Oct 31;2(4):804-28. doi: 10.3390/genes2040804.
Studies on the experimental evolution of microorganisms, on their in vivo evolution (mainly in the case of bacteria producing chronic infections), as well as the availability of multiple full genomic sequences, are placing bacteria in the playground of evolutionary studies. In the present article we review the differential contribution to the evolution of bacterial genomes that processes such as gene modification, gene acquisition and gene loss may have when bacteria colonize different habitats that present characteristic ecological features. In particular, we review how the different processes contribute to evolution in microbial communities, in free-living bacteria or in bacteria living in isolation. In addition, we discuss the temporal constraints in the evolution of bacterial genomes, considering bacterial evolution from the perspective of processes of short-sighted evolution and punctual acquisition of evolutionary novelties followed by long stasis periods.
对微生物的实验进化、体内进化（主要是在产生慢性感染的细菌的情况下）以及多个完整基因组序列的可用性的研究，使细菌成为进化研究的领域。在本文中，我们回顾了细菌基因组进化的差异贡献，当细菌定植于具有特征性生态特征的不同生境时，基因修饰、基因获得和基因丢失等过程可能会产生影响。特别是，我们回顾了这些不同的过程如何在微生物群落、自由生活的细菌或孤立生活的细菌中促进进化。此外，我们还从短期进化过程和突发获得进化新颖性随后长期稳定期的角度考虑了细菌基因组进化的时间限制。
