From the Department of Neurology, Division of Neuro-Oncology (J.T.J.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Neurology (J.S.), Christian-Doppler-Klinik, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria; Department of Neurology (J.S.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Germany; Department of Neurology (W.S.), General Hospital of the City of Linz, Austria; Department of Neurology (L.S.), The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD; and Neurology Consultants of Kansas (D.M.), Wichita, KS.
Neurology. 2014 Apr 8;82(14):e112-5. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000000279.
Around the world, there are marked differences in neurology training, including training duration and degree of specialization. In the United States, adult neurology residency is composed of 1 year of internal medicine training (preliminary year) and 3 years of neurology-specific training. Child neurology, which is not the focus of this article, is 2 years of pediatrics and 3 years of neurology training. The route to adult neurology residency training in the United States is standardized and is similar to most other US specialties. Whereas US medical graduates often receive stepwise guidance from their medical school regarding application for residency training, international graduates often enter this complex process with little or no such assistance. Despite this discrepancy, about 10%-15% of residency positions in the United States are filled by international medical graduates.(1,2) In adult neurology specifically, 35% of matched positions were filled by international graduates in 2013, 75% of whom were not US citizens.(1) In an effort to provide a preliminary understanding of the application process and related terminology (table 1) and thereby encourage international residency applicants, we describe the steps necessary to apply for neurology residency in the United States.
世界各地的神经科培训存在明显差异，包括培训时长和专业化程度。在美国，成人神经科住院医师培训由 1 年内科培训（预备年）和 3 年神经科专业培训组成。本文不关注的儿童神经科培训则包括 2 年儿科和 3 年神经科培训。美国成人神经科住院医师培训的途径是标准化的，与大多数其他美国专业相似。虽然美国医学生通常会从医学院逐步获得关于住院医师培训申请的指导，但国际毕业生在进入这一复杂过程时往往很少或没有得到此类帮助。尽管存在这种差异，但美国仍有约 10%-15%的住院医师职位由国际医学毕业生填补。（1,2）具体到成人神经科，2013 年有 35%的匹配职位由国际毕业生填补，其中 75%的人不是美国公民。（1）为了初步了解申请流程和相关术语（表 1），并鼓励国际住院医师申请人，我们描述了在美国申请神经科住院医师培训所需的步骤。
