From the *Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University; and †Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.
Pancreas. 2014 May;43(4):511-7. doi: 10.1097/MPA.0000000000000062.
Nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide, and hydrogen sulfide in addition to hydrogen are well established as gaseous signal molecules throughout the body. Although the role of gasotransmitters in acute pancreatitis (AP) has been explored for many years, many details remain to be elucidated. The physiologic effect of NO in AP mainly relies on induced NO synthase, which stimulates the production of cytokines in the blood. Carbon monoxide inhibits nuclear factor-κB activation, which leads to amelioration of the inflammatory response. Hydrogen sulfide displays a dual role in the mechanism of AP according to its concentration in the system. Hydrogen is a newly discovered gaseous signaling molecule, and currently, there is little evidence that it has any function in alleviating inflammation. We discovered that hyperbaric oxygen is a novel gasotransmitter that has potential use in the treatment of AP. The correlation among hyperbaric oxygen, hypoxia inducible factor 1α, and other signaling pathways should be further studied. We also discuss some prospects and issues that remain to be resolved in this review. In summary, the discovery of gaseous signal molecules has established a new platform for deep investigation of the mechanism of AP, and our knowledge of the role of gasotransmitters in AP will increase with further research.
一氧化氮（NO）、一氧化碳、硫化氢以及氢气在体内均被确认为气体信号分子。尽管气体信号分子在急性胰腺炎（AP）中的作用已被研究多年，但仍有许多细节有待阐明。AP 中 NO 的生理作用主要依赖诱导型一氧化氮合酶，后者刺激血液中细胞因子的产生。一氧化碳通过抑制核因子-κB 的激活，减轻炎症反应。根据系统中硫化氢的浓度，其在 AP 机制中发挥双重作用。氢气是一种新发现的气体信号分子，目前尚无证据表明其在缓解炎症方面具有任何作用。我们发现高压氧是一种新型气体信号分子，在治疗 AP 方面具有潜在用途。应进一步研究高压氧、缺氧诱导因子 1α 和其他信号通路之间的相关性。我们还讨论了本综述中仍需解决的一些前景和问题。总之，气体信号分子的发现为深入研究 AP 的机制建立了一个新的平台，随着进一步的研究，我们对气体信号分子在 AP 中的作用的认识将会增加。
