Boussios Stergios, Pentheroudakis George, Katsanos Konstantinos, Pavlidis Nicholas
Department of Medical Oncology (Stergios Boussios, George Pentheroudakis, Nicholas Pavlidis).
First Department of Internal Medicine & Hepato-Gastroenterology Unit (Konstantinos Katsanos), Ioannina University Hospital, Ioannina, Greece.
Ann Gastroenterol. 2012;25(2):106-118.
The toxicity of cancer chemotherapy is among the most important factors limiting its use. Clear delineation and communication of benefits and risks is an essential component of treatment decisions. Gastrointestinal toxicity during chemotherapy is frequent and contributes to dose reductions, delays and cessation of cancer treatment. The development of intervention strategies that could eliminate an expected side effect of chemotherapy is vital. Physiologic changes that can increase the toxicity of chemotherapy are decreased stem cell reserves, decreased ability to repair cell damage, progressive loss of body protein, and accumulation of body fat. Symptoms only arise when physiological functions are altered. The gastrointestinal symptoms arising during cancer chemotherapy can often be cured if newly acquired, and if gastrointestinal physiological deficits are identified. Developing new chemotherapy regimens with similar efficacy but less toxicity should be a priority for future research.
癌症化疗的毒性是限制其应用的最重要因素之一。明确阐述并告知益处和风险是治疗决策的重要组成部分。化疗期间的胃肠道毒性很常见，会导致癌症治疗的剂量减少、延迟和中断。开发能够消除化疗预期副作用的干预策略至关重要。可增加化疗毒性的生理变化包括干细胞储备减少、修复细胞损伤的能力下降、身体蛋白质的逐渐流失以及身体脂肪的积累。只有当生理功能改变时才会出现症状。如果癌症化疗期间出现的胃肠道症状是新出现的，并且能够识别出胃肠道生理缺陷，那么这些症状通常是可以治愈的。开发疗效相似但毒性较小的新化疗方案应是未来研究的重点。
