Department of Biology, Center for Obesity Reversal, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia.
Department of Biology, Center for Obesity Reversal, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia
Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2014 Jun 15;306(12):R886-900. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.00060.2014. Epub 2014 Apr 9.
We previously demonstrated white adipose tissue (WAT) innervation using the established WAT retrograde sympathetic nervous system (SNS)-specific transneuronal viral tract tracer pseudorabies virus (PRV152) and showed its role in the control of lipolysis. Conversely, we demonstrated WAT sensory innervation using the established anterograde sensory system (SS)-specific transneuronal viral tracer, the H129 strain of herpes simplex virus-1, with sensory nerves showing responsiveness with increases in WAT SNS drive. Several brain areas were part of the SNS outflow to and SS inflow from WAT between these studies suggesting SNS-SS feedback loops. Therefore, we injected both PRV152 and H129 into inguinal WAT (IWAT) of Siberian hamsters. Animals were perfused on days 5 and 6 postinoculation after H129 and PRV152 injections, respectively, and brains, spinal cords, sympathetic, and dorsal root ganglia (DRG) were processed for immunohistochemical detection of each virus across the neuroaxis. The presence of H129+PRV152-colocalized neurons (~50%) in the spinal segments innervating IWAT suggested short SNS-SS loops with significant coinfections (>60%) in discrete brain regions, signifying long SNS-SS loops. Notably, the most highly populated sites with the double-infected neurons were the medial part of medial preoptic nucleus, medial preoptic area, hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus, lateral hypothalamus, periaqueductal gray, oral part of the pontine reticular nucleus, and the nucleus of the solitary tract. Collectively, these results strongly indicate the neuroanatomical reality of the central SNS-SS feedback loops with short loops in the spinal cord and long loops in the brain, both likely involved in the control of lipolysis or other WAT pad-specific functions.
我们之前使用已建立的白色脂肪组织（WAT）逆行交感神经系统（SNS）特异性顺行神经元病毒追踪剂伪狂犬病病毒（PRV152）证明了 WAT 神经支配，并表明其在脂肪分解控制中的作用。相反，我们使用已建立的顺行感觉系统（SS）特异性顺行神经元病毒示踪剂 H129 株单纯疱疹病毒-1 证明了 WAT 感觉神经支配，感觉神经显示出对 WAT SNS 驱动增加的反应性。在这些研究中，有几个脑区是 SNS 流出和 SS 流入 WAT 的一部分，这表明 SNS-SS 反馈回路。因此，我们将 PRV152 和 H129 注入到西伯利亚仓鼠的腹股沟 WAT（IWAT）中。在 H129 和 PRV152 注射后分别于第 5 天和第 6 天对动物进行灌注，然后对大脑、脊髓、交感神经和背根神经节（DRG）进行处理，以检测沿神经轴的每种病毒的免疫组织化学。在支配 IWAT 的脊髓节段中存在 H129+PRV152 共定位神经元（约 50%），这表明存在短的 SNS-SS 环，在离散脑区存在显著的合并感染（>60%），这表示存在长的 SNS-SS 环。值得注意的是，具有双重感染神经元的最密集区域是内侧视前核的内侧部分、视前区、下丘脑室旁核、下丘脑外侧区、导水管周围灰质、桥脑网状核的口腔部分和孤束核。总的来说，这些结果强烈表明中枢 SNS-SS 反馈回路的神经解剖学现实，其中脊髓中的短环和大脑中的长环都可能参与脂肪分解或其他 WAT 垫特异性功能的控制。
