Stevens Jeni, Schmied Virginia, Burns Elaine, Dahlen Hannah
School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Western Sydney, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia.
Matern Child Nutr. 2014 Oct;10(4):456-73. doi: 10.1111/mcn.12128. Epub 2014 Apr 10.
The World Health Organization and the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund recommends that mothers and newborns have skin-to-skin contact immediately after a vaginal birth, and as soon as the mother is alert and responsive after a Caesarean section. Skin-to-skin contact can be defined as placing a naked infant onto the bare chest of the mother. Caesarean birth is known to reduce initiation of breastfeeding, increase the length of time before the first breastfeed, reduce the incidence of exclusive breastfeeding, significantly delay the onset of lactation and increase the likelihood of supplementation. The aim of this review is to evaluate evidence on the facilitation of immediate (within minutes) or early (within 1 h) skin-to-skin contact following Caesarean section for healthy mothers and their healthy term newborns, and identify facilitators, barriers and associated maternal and newborn outcomes. A range of electronic databases were searched for papers reporting research findings published in English between January 2003 and October 2013. Seven papers met the criteria. This review has provided some evidence that with appropriate collaboration skin-to-skin contact during Caesarean surgery can be implemented. Further evidence was provided, albeit limited, that immediate or early skin-to-skin contact after a Caesarean section may increase breastfeeding initiation, decrease time to the first breastfeed, reduce formula supplementation in hospital, increase bonding and maternal satisfaction, maintain the temperature of newborns and reduce newborn stress.
世界卫生组织和联合国国际儿童紧急基金会建议，顺产之后母亲和新生儿应立即进行肌肤接触；剖宫产术后，一旦母亲清醒并有反应，也应尽快进行肌肤接触。肌肤接触可定义为将赤裸的婴儿放在母亲裸露的胸部。众所周知，剖宫产会减少母乳喂养的开始，延长首次母乳喂养的时间，降低纯母乳喂养的发生率，显著延迟泌乳开始时间，并增加补充喂养的可能性。本综述的目的是评估剖宫产术后健康母亲及其足月健康新生儿立即（数分钟内）或早期（1小时内）进行肌肤接触的相关证据，并确定促进因素、障碍以及母婴相关结局。检索了一系列电子数据库，查找2003年1月至2013年10月期间发表的英文研究报告。七篇论文符合标准。本综述提供了一些证据表明，通过适当协作，剖宫产手术期间的肌肤接触是可以实施的。还提供了进一步的证据，尽管有限，表明剖宫产术后立即或早期进行肌肤接触可能会增加母乳喂养的开始率，减少首次母乳喂养的时间，减少住院期间的配方奶补充，增强母婴联结和母亲满意度，维持新生儿体温并减轻新生儿应激。
