Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7622, Biologie du Développement, F-75005, Paris, France; CNRS, UMR 7622, Biologie du Développement, F-75005, Paris, France.
Plant Cell Environ. 2014 Dec;37(12):2623-30. doi: 10.1111/pce.12329. Epub 2014 May 6.
Low temperature is among the most frequent stresses met by plants during their lifespan, and a plant's ability to cold-acclimate is a determinant for further growth and development. Although intensive research has provided a good picture of the molecular and metabolic changes triggered by cold, the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain elusive and are thus being actively sought. Recent studies have shed light on the importance of nitric oxide (NO), a ubiquitous signalling molecule in eukaryotes, for plant tolerance to chilling and freezing. Indeed, NO formation following cold exposure has been reported in a range of plant species, and a series of proteins targeted by NO-based post-translational modifications have been identified. Moreover, key cold-regulated genes have been characterized as NO-dependent, suggesting the crucial importance of NO signalling for cold-responsive gene expression. This review provides a picture of our current understanding of the function of NO in the context of plant response to cold. Particular attention is dedicated to the open questions left by the fragmented data currently available concerning NO formation, transduction and biological significance for plant adaptation to low temperature.
低温是植物在其生命周期中最常遇到的应激之一，而植物的抗寒能力是进一步生长和发育的决定因素。尽管深入的研究已经提供了对冷胁迫触发的分子和代谢变化的很好描述，但潜在的调节机制仍然难以捉摸，因此正在积极寻求。最近的研究揭示了一氧化氮（NO）在植物耐受冷胁迫和冰冻中的重要性，NO 是真核生物中普遍存在的信号分子。事实上，在一系列植物物种中已经报道了冷暴露后 NO 的形成，并且已经鉴定出一系列受基于 NO 的翻译后修饰靶向的蛋白质。此外，关键的冷调节基因已被表征为依赖于 NO，这表明 NO 信号对于冷响应基因表达至关重要。本综述提供了我们目前对 NO 在植物对冷应激反应中的功能的理解。特别关注目前有关 NO 形成、转导和对植物适应低温的生物学意义的零散数据所留下的未解决问题。
