Centro Universitario de la Defensa, Zaragoza, Spain.
Hospital Virgen del Valle, Complejo Hospitalario de Toledo, Toledo, Spain.
Maturitas. 2014 Jun;78(2):106-12. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2014.03.007. Epub 2014 Mar 25.
The aims of this study were to identify if the associations of physical activity (PA) and muscle strength may vary throughout the ageing process; to study the differences among genders in the relationships between PA and strength in elderly people and to test whether these differences are explained by the hormonal, nutritional and inflammatory status.
A total of 1741 people ≥65 years of age participated in this cross-sectional study.
Upper- and lower-limbs maximal voluntary isometric strength was obtained using standardized techniques and equipment. PA was recorded by a validated questionnaire. The associations of PA with strength were assessed using generalized linear regression models with a Gamma-distributed dependent variable.
A significant gender by PA interaction was found for all strength-related variables (all P<0.01). Moreover, when sexual hormones, albumin or C-Reactive protein were taken into account in the model, the results did not significantly change. In women, PA was positively associated with upper and lower-body strength; however in men, PA was only associated with grip and knee strength (both P<0.01). Higher strength values were associated with higher levels of PA, especially in women. However, this tendency had a different pattern across the age range, showing a stronger association in the 'young' elderly compared with the 'old' elderly.
Higher levels of PA are related to greater muscle strength, especially in women and those who were younger.
本研究旨在确定体力活动（PA）和肌肉力量与衰老过程的相关性是否存在差异；研究老年人中 PA 和力量之间的关系在性别之间的差异，并检验这些差异是否可以通过激素、营养和炎症状态来解释。
共有 1741 名年龄≥65 岁的人参与了这项横断面研究。
使用标准化技术和设备获得上下肢最大自愿等长力量。PA 通过经过验证的问卷进行记录。使用具有伽马分布因变量的广义线性回归模型评估 PA 与力量之间的关联。
对于所有与力量相关的变量，均发现 PA 与性别之间存在显著的交互作用（均 P<0.01）。此外，当模型中考虑到性激素、白蛋白或 C-反应蛋白时，结果并没有显著改变。在女性中，PA 与上肢和下肢力量呈正相关；然而，在男性中，PA 仅与握力和膝关节力量相关（均 P<0.01）。更高的力量值与更高水平的 PA 相关，尤其是在女性中。然而，这种趋势在年龄范围内存在不同的模式，在“年轻”老年人中比在“年老”老年人中表现出更强的相关性。
更高水平的 PA 与更大的肌肉力量相关，尤其是在女性和年龄较轻的人群中。
