Merritt Melissa A, Poole Elizabeth M, Hankinson Susan E, Willett Walter C, Tworoger Shelley S
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA, 02115, USA,
Cancer Causes Control. 2014 Jul;25(7):795-808. doi: 10.1007/s10552-014-0381-7. Epub 2014 Apr 11.
High lactose intake has been suggested to increase epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) risk. We evaluated the association between lactose consumed during specific life periods (high school, premenopause, and postmenopause) and later risk of EOC.
We assessed the association of dairy food and nutrient intake with risk of EOC during 28 years of follow-up including 764 cases in the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and NHSII. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to model the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for EOC across categories of dairy food or nutrient intake. We examined dietary intake in adulthood overall, as well as during premenopausal/postmenopausal years and high school.
In analyses of the highest versus lowest cumulative average intake in adulthood, we observed a non-significant inverse association with skim milk intake (HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.54-1.06, p(trend) = 0.05), a non-significant inverse association with lactose intake (HR 0.87, 95% CI 0.69-1.11, p(trend) = 0.22) and no association with consumption of whole milk, dairy calcium, or dairy fat. Similar risk estimates were observed for dairy food/nutrient intake during high school, premenopause or postmenopause. Lactose intake in adulthood was inversely associated with risk of endometrioid EOC (HR 0.32, 95% CI 0.16-0.65, p(trend) < 0.001).
These findings do not support the hypothesis that higher lactose intake increases EOC risk. The inverse association with endometrioid tumors deserves further study.
有研究表明高乳糖摄入量会增加上皮性卵巢癌（EOC）风险。我们评估了特定生命阶段（高中、绝经前和绝经后）摄入乳糖与日后患EOC风险之间的关联。
我们在长达28年的随访中评估了乳制品及营养物质摄入量与EOC风险之间的关联，其中包括护士健康研究（NHS）和NHSII中的764例病例。采用Cox比例风险回归模型计算不同类别乳制品或营养物质摄入量对应的EOC风险比（HRs）及95%置信区间（CIs）。我们研究了成年期总体的饮食摄入量，以及绝经前/绝经后和高中时期的饮食摄入量。
在对成年期最高与最低累积平均摄入量的分析中，我们观察到脱脂牛奶摄入量与EOC呈非显著负相关（HR 0.76，95% CI 0.54 - 1.06，p趋势 = 0.05），乳糖摄入量与EOC呈非显著负相关（HR 0.87，95% CI 0.69 - 1.11，p趋势 = 0.22），全脂牛奶、乳制品钙或乳制品脂肪的摄入量与EOC无关联。高中、绝经前或绝经后时期的乳制品/营养物质摄入量的风险估计结果相似。成年期乳糖摄入量与子宫内膜样EOC风险呈负相关（HR 0.32，95% CI 0.16 - 0.65，p趋势 < 0.001）。
这些发现不支持高乳糖摄入量会增加EOC风险这一假说。乳糖摄入量与子宫内膜样肿瘤的负相关值得进一步研究。
