Centre for Translational Neuroscience and Mental Health, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA Red Sox Foundation and Massachusetts General Hospital Home Base Program, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Br J Sports Med. 2015 Apr;49(8):495-8. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2013-093102. Epub 2014 Apr 10.
Concussion remains one of the inherent risks of participation in rugby league. While other injuries incurred by rugby league players have been well studied, less focus and attention has been directed towards concussion.
The current review examined all articles published in English from 1900 up to June 2013 pertaining to concussion in rugby league players.
Publications were retrieved via six databases using the key search terms: rugby league, league, football; in combination with injury terms: athletic injuries, concussion, sports concussion, sports-related concussion, brain concussion, brain injury, brain injuries, mild traumatic brain injury, mTBI, traumatic brain injury, TBI, craniocerebral trauma, head injury and brain damage. Observational, cohort, correlational, cross-sectional and longitudinal studies were all included.
199 rugby league injury publications were identified. 39 (20%) were related in some way to concussion. Of the 39 identified articles, 6 (15%) had the main aim of evaluating concussion, while the other 33 reported on concussion incidence as part of overall injury data analyses. Rugby league concussion incidence rates vary widely from 0.0 to 40.0/1000 playing hours, depending on the definition of injury (time loss vs no time loss). The incidence rates vary across match play versus training session, seasons (winter vs summer) and playing position (forwards vs backs). The ball carrier has been found to be at greater risk for injury than tacklers. Concussion accounts for 29% of all injuries associated with illegal play, but only 9% of injuries sustained in legal play.
In comparison with other collision sports, research evaluating concussion in rugby league is limited. With such limited published rugby league data, there are many aspects of concussion that require attention, and future research may be directed towards these unanswered questions.
脑震荡仍然是参与橄榄球联盟比赛的固有风险之一。虽然橄榄球联盟运动员所遭受的其他伤害已得到充分研究，但对脑震荡的关注较少。
本次综述检查了从 1900 年到 2013 年 6 月发表的所有与橄榄球联盟运动员脑震荡相关的英文文章。
使用以下关键搜索词在六个数据库中检索出版物：橄榄球联盟、联盟、足球；与损伤术语相结合：运动损伤、脑震荡、运动性脑震荡、与运动相关的脑震荡、脑震荡、脑损伤、脑损伤、轻度创伤性脑损伤、mTBI、创伤性脑损伤、TBI、颅脑损伤、头部损伤和脑损伤。所有观察性、队列、相关性、横断面和纵向研究均包括在内。
确定了 199 篇橄榄球损伤出版物。其中 39 篇（20%）以某种方式与脑震荡有关。在所确定的 39 篇文章中，有 6 篇（15%）的主要目的是评估脑震荡，而其他 33 篇则报告了脑震荡发生率作为整体损伤数据分析的一部分。橄榄球脑震荡发生率从 0.0 到 40.0/1000 比赛时间不等，具体取决于损伤定义（丧失比赛时间与未丧失比赛时间）。比赛与训练相比、赛季（冬季与夏季）和比赛位置（前锋与后卫）的发生率不同。球携带者受伤的风险比擒抱者更大。脑震荡占所有与非法比赛相关的损伤的 29%，但仅占合法比赛中受伤的 9%。
与其他碰撞运动相比，评估橄榄球联盟脑震荡的研究有限。由于橄榄球联盟的数据有限，许多脑震荡方面仍需要关注，未来的研究可能会针对这些未解答的问题展开。
