J Med Entomol. 2014 Mar;51(2):428-35. doi: 10.1603/me13207.
A Culex quinquefasciatus Say colony was selected for 45 generations at LC70-90 levels using Natular XRG, a granular formulation of 2.5% spinosad for induction of spinosad resistance. Resistance to spinosad was noticed in early generations (F1-F9). Resistance levels increased gradually from generations F11-F35, and elevated significantly from generation F37 through F47, when resistance ratios reached 2,845-2,907-fold at LC50 and 11,948-22,928-fold at LC90 The spinosad-resistant Cx. quinquefasciatus colony was found not to be cross-resistant to Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bti), a combination of Bti and Bacillus sphaericus, methoprene, pyriproxyfen, diflubenzuron, novaluron, temephos, or imidacloprid. However, it showed various levels of cross-resistance to B. sphaericus, spinetoram, abamectin, and fipronil. Conversely, a laboratory colony of Cx. quinquefasciatus that is highly resistant to B. sphaericus did not show cross-resistance to spinosad and spinetoram. Field-collected and laboratory-selected Cx. quinquefasciatus that showed low to moderate resistance to methoprene did not show cross-resistance to spinosad and spinetoram. Mechanisms of cross-resistance among several biorational pesticides were discussed according to their modes of actions.
一个库蚊 Say 种群在 LC70-90 水平下使用 Natular XRG （一种 2.5%多杀菌素颗粒制剂）连续选择了 45 代，以诱导对多杀菌素的抗性。在早期世代（F1-F9）就注意到了对多杀菌素的抗性。从第 11 世代到第 35 世代，抗性水平逐渐增加，从第 37 世代到第 47 世代，当 LC50 时的抗性倍数达到 2845-2907 倍，LC90 时达到 11948-22928 倍时，抗性显著增加。发现对苏云金杆菌以色列亚种（Bti）、Bti 和球形芽孢杆菌的混合物、灭幼脲、吡丙醚、除虫脲、双氧威、涕灭威或氯吡虫啉没有交叉抗性的抗多杀菌素库蚊种群。然而，它对球形芽孢杆菌、螺虫乙酯、阿维菌素和氟虫腈表现出不同程度的交叉抗性。相反，对球形芽孢杆菌具有高度抗性的实验室库蚊种群对多杀菌素和螺虫乙酯没有表现出交叉抗性。对灭幼脲表现出低至中度抗性的田间采集和实验室选择的库蚊对多杀菌素和螺虫乙酯没有表现出交叉抗性。根据作用方式讨论了几种生物合理农药之间的交叉抗性机制。
