Resende Renan A, Fonseca Sérgio T, Silva Paula L, Pertence Antônio E, Kirkwood Renata N
Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 2014 Mar;104(2):183-90. doi: 10.7547/0003-0538-104.2.183.
The forefoot midsole stiffness of the shoe may affect the kinematics of the foot segments. We evaluated the effects of two different levels of forefoot midsole stiffness on the angular displacement of the forefoot and rearfoot in the three planes of motion during the stance phase of gait.
Thirty-six participants walked on a 10-m walkway at their self-selected speed wearing shoes having either low or high forefoot midsole stiffness. Three-dimensional kinematic data of the foot segments were obtained during the stance phase of gait using an eight-camera motion analysis system synchronized with a force platform. The dependent variables were forefoot and rearfoot total range of motion and maximum and minimum angle values in the sagittal, frontal, and transverse planes of motion.
Reduced forefoot midsole stiffness produced significantly greater forefoot total range of motion in the sagittal plane (1.59°). The low-stiffness condition also increased the magnitude of the forefoot dorsiflexion angles (4.14°). Furthermore, the low-stiffness condition increased the magnitude of the rearfoot inversion (1.21°) and adduction (11.38°) angles and reduced the rearfoot abduction angle (12.1°).
It is likely that reduced stiffness of the forefoot midsole stretched the plantar fascia, increasing rearfoot stability during the stance phase of gait. Increased muscular contraction may also explain increases in rearfoot stability. Therefore, the integrity of the plantar fascia and ankle muscles' force and resistance should be considered when choosing a shoe with reduced or increased forefoot midsole stiffness for walking.
鞋子的前脚掌中底硬度可能会影响足部各节段的运动学。我们评估了两种不同水平的前脚掌中底硬度对步态站立期三个运动平面上前脚掌和后脚掌角位移的影响。
36名参与者穿着前脚掌中底硬度低或高的鞋子，以自己选择的速度在10米长的通道上行走。在步态站立期，使用与测力平台同步的八台摄像机运动分析系统获取足部各节段的三维运动学数据。因变量是前脚掌和后脚掌的总运动范围以及矢状面、额状面和横断面运动中的最大和最小角度值。
前脚掌中底硬度降低导致矢状面内前脚掌总运动范围显著增大（1.59°）。低硬度条件还增加了前脚掌背屈角度的幅度（4.14°）。此外，低硬度条件增加了后脚掌内翻角度（1.21°）和内收角度（11.38°）的幅度，并减小了后脚掌外展角度（12.1°）。
前脚掌中底硬度降低可能拉伸了足底筋膜，在步态站立期增加了后脚掌的稳定性。肌肉收缩增加也可能解释了后脚掌稳定性的增加。因此，在选择前脚掌中底硬度降低或增加的鞋子进行行走时，应考虑足底筋膜的完整性以及踝关节肌肉的力量和阻力。
