Araujo Maíta Poli de, Kleine Henrique Truffa, Parmigiano Tathiana Rebizzi, Gomes Natalia Tavares, Caparroz Graziela Pascom, Silva Ismael Dale Cotrim Guerreiro da, Girão Manoel João Batista Castello, Sartori Marair Gracio Ferreira
Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Einstein (Sao Paulo). 2014 Jan-Mar;12(1):31-5. doi: 10.1590/s1679-45082014ao2949.
To determine the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases in female athletes.
An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted including 50 female athletes with mean age of 20 ± 3 years. Colposcopy, pap smear, and polymerase chain reaction for Chlamydia trachomatis, human papillomavirus and Neisseria gonorrhoeae were performed. Blood samples were collected to test for the human immunodeficiency virus, syphilis, hepatitis B and C. The athletes presenting clinical diseases or conditions identifiable by laboratory tests were treated and followed up in the unit.
Forty-six percent of the participants were unaware of sexually transmitted diseases. The prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases among athletes was 48% (24 cases). Human papillomavirus was the most frequent agent (44%). Considering the human papillomavirus genotypes, subtype 16 was the most prevalent (53%), followed by 11-6 (22%) and 18 (13%). Two athletes tested positive for C. trachomatis. There were no cases diagnosed of infection by N. gonorrhoeae, syphilis, hepatitis B, hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency virus. However, only 26 athletes had been vaccinated for hepatitis B.
The prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases in female athletes was high. Primary prevention measures (hepatitis B and human papillomavirus vaccination) and secondary (serology, pap smears) must be offered to this specific group of women. The matter should be further approached in sports.
确定女运动员性传播疾病的患病率。
开展一项观察性横断面研究，纳入50名平均年龄为20±3岁的女运动员。进行了阴道镜检查、巴氏涂片检查以及针对沙眼衣原体、人乳头瘤病毒和淋病奈瑟菌的聚合酶链反应检测。采集血样检测人类免疫缺陷病毒、梅毒、乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎。对出现临床疾病或可通过实验室检测确诊病症的运动员在本单位进行治疗和随访。
46%的参与者对性传播疾病一无所知。运动员中性传播疾病的患病率为48%（24例）。人乳头瘤病毒是最常见的病原体（44%）。就人乳头瘤病毒基因型而言，16型最为普遍（53%），其次是11-6型（22%）和18型（13%）。两名运动员沙眼衣原体检测呈阳性。未诊断出淋病奈瑟菌、梅毒、乙型肝炎、丙型肝炎和人类免疫缺陷病毒感染病例。然而，只有26名运动员接种了乙型肝炎疫苗。
女运动员中性传播疾病的患病率较高。必须为这一特定女性群体提供一级预防措施（乙型肝炎和人乳头瘤病毒疫苗接种）和二级预防措施（血清学检查、巴氏涂片检查）。体育界应进一步关注此事。
