Luppi Carla Gianna, de Oliveira Rute Loreto Sampaio, Veras Maria Amélia, Lippman Sheri A, Jones Heidi, de Jesus Christiane Herold, Pinho Adriana A, Ribeiro Manoel Carlos, Caiaffa-Filho Hélio
Departamento de Medicina Social, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2011 Sep;14(3):467-77. doi: 10.1590/s1415-790x2011000300011.
Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) in women remain a public health challenge due to high prevalence, difficulties to implement early diagnosis strategies and high rates of complications.
Identify the prevalence of STIs among users of a primary health care clinic in São Paulo.
Women, 18 to 40 years of age, were invited to self-collect vaginal specimens to be tested for Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Trichomonas vaginalis by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Women were also invited to answer a demographic and sexual history questionnaire, either on the computer or face-to-face.
The prevalence of STIs obtained from the 781 women included in the study was: Chlamydia trachomatis: 8.4%, Neisseria gonorrhoeae: 1.9%, and Trichomonas vaginalis: 3.2%. Thirteen percent tested positive for at least one out of the three STIs. The variables associated independently with a higher risk of STIs were: age under 20-years-old, more than two lifetime sexual partners, and self-perception of STI risk. The use of condoms as a contraceptive method proved to be a protective factor.
The high prevalence found among these women indicates the need for the implementation of STI screening strategies in primary care settings in Brazil.
由于患病率高、实施早期诊断策略存在困难以及并发症发生率高，女性性传播感染（STIs）仍然是一项公共卫生挑战。
确定圣保罗一家初级保健诊所的使用者中性传播感染的患病率。
邀请18至40岁的女性自行采集阴道标本，通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测沙眼衣原体、淋病奈瑟菌和阴道毛滴虫。还邀请女性通过电脑或面对面回答一份人口统计学和性病史问卷。
纳入研究的781名女性的性传播感染患病率为：沙眼衣原体：8.4%，淋病奈瑟菌：1.9%，阴道毛滴虫：3.2%。13%的人三种性传播感染中至少有一种检测呈阳性。与性传播感染风险较高独立相关的变量为：20岁以下、一生中有两个以上性伴侣以及对性传播感染风险的自我认知。事实证明，使用避孕套作为避孕方法是一个保护因素。
在这些女性中发现的高患病率表明，巴西初级保健机构需要实施性传播感染筛查策略。
