Neurovascular Hypertension and Kidney Disease and Human Neurotransmitters Laboratories, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Neurovascular Hypertension and Kidney Disease and Human Neurotransmitters Laboratories, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2015 Feb;3(2):148-57. doi: 10.1016/S2213-8587(14)70033-6. Epub 2014 Apr 2.
Metabolic syndrome is associated with adverse health outcomes and is a growing problem worldwide. Although efforts to harmonise the definition of metabolic syndrome have helped to better understand the prevalence and the adverse outcomes associated with the disorder on a global scale, the mechanisms underpinning the metabolic changes that define it are incompletely understood. Accumulating evidence from laboratory and human studies suggests that activation of the sympathetic nervous system has an important role in metabolic syndrome. Indeed, treatment strategies commonly recommended for patients with metabolic syndrome, such as diet and exercise to induce weight loss, are associated with sympathetic inhibition. Pharmacological and device-based approaches to target activation of the sympathetic nervous system directly are available and have provided evidence to support the important part played by sympathetic regulation, particularly for blood pressure and glucose control. Preliminary evidence is encouraging, but whether therapeutically targeting sympathetic overactivity could help to prevent metabolic syndrome and attenuate its adverse outcomes remains to be determined.
代谢综合征与不良健康结果相关，是全球范围内日益严重的问题。尽管为协调代谢综合征的定义所做的努力有助于更好地了解全球范围内该疾病的患病率和相关不良结果，但定义其代谢变化的机制仍不完全清楚。来自实验室和人体研究的越来越多的证据表明，交感神经系统的激活在代谢综合征中起着重要作用。事实上，常用于治疗代谢综合征患者的治疗策略，如饮食和运动以诱导体重减轻，与交感神经抑制有关。目前已有针对交感神经系统直接激活的药物和器械治疗方法，并提供了证据支持交感神经调节的重要作用，特别是对血压和血糖的控制。初步证据令人鼓舞，但治疗性靶向交感神经活性是否有助于预防代谢综合征及其不良结果仍有待确定。
