O'Brien Anthony J
Centre for Mental Health Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
Australas Psychiatry. 2014 Aug;22(4):352-356. doi: 10.1177/1039856214531080. Epub 2014 Apr 14.
Community treatment orders (CTOs) have been used in New Zealand since 1992 and are now used in most Commonwealth countries. There is little research on the rate of use of CTOs in New Zealand. This study compares the prevalence of CTO use across New Zealand's 20 health districts and makes comparisons with international prevalence rates.
New Zealand Ministry of Health reports provided data on rates of CTO use in New Zealand between 2005 and 2011. International rates were obtained from published reports and academic literature on CTO use.
Rates of CTO use in New Zealand show marked and persistent regional variation over the period of data collection. National average rates increased from 58 per 100,000 in 2005 to 84 per 100,000 in 2011. Rates of use of CTOs are increasing internationally. New Zealand's CTO use is high by international comparisons.
New Zealand's high and increasing rate of CTO use by international standards raises questions about the delivery and functioning of mental health services, and about mental health service users' experience of mental health care. The high rate of CTO use needs to be addressed as a human rights issue as well as a clinical issue.
社区治疗令自1992年起在新西兰使用，目前在大多数英联邦国家都有应用。关于新西兰社区治疗令的使用率，相关研究较少。本研究比较了新西兰20个健康区社区治疗令的使用情况，并与国际使用率进行了对比。
新西兰卫生部的报告提供了2005年至2011年新西兰社区治疗令使用率的数据。国际数据则从已发表的关于社区治疗令使用情况的报告和学术文献中获取。
在数据收集期间，新西兰社区治疗令的使用率呈现出显著且持续的地区差异。全国平均使用率从2005年的每10万人58例增至2011年的每10万人84例。社区治疗令的国际使用率正在上升。与国际相比，新西兰社区治疗令的使用率较高。
按照国际标准，新西兰社区治疗令的高使用率及不断上升的趋势引发了对心理健康服务的提供与运作，以及心理健康服务使用者心理健康护理体验的质疑。社区治疗令的高使用率既需作为人权问题，也需作为临床问题加以解决。
