Anderson O Roger
Department of Biology, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, New York, 10964.
J Eukaryot Microbiol. 2014 Jul-Aug;61(4):364-70. doi: 10.1111/jeu.12116. Epub 2014 May 23.
Tree-bark, foliose lichens occur widely on a global scale. In some locales, such as forests, they contribute a substantial amount of biomass. However, there are few research reports on microbial communities including eukaryotic microbes associated with foliose lichens. Lichens collected from tree bark at 11 locations (Florida, New York State, Germany, Australia, and the Arctic) were examined to determine the density and C-biomass of bacteria and some eukaryotic microbes, i.e. heterotrophic nanoflagellates (HNF) and amoeboid protists. A rich microbial diversity was found, including large plasmodial slime molds, in some cases exceeding 100 μm in size. The densities of HNF and amoeboid protists were each positively correlated with densities of bacteria, r = 0.84 and 0.80, respectively (p < 0.01, N = 11 for each analysis) indicating a likely bacterial-based food web. Microbial densities (number/g lichen dry weight) varied markedly across the geographic sampling sites: bacteria (0.7-13.1 × 10(8) ), HNF (0.2-6.8 × 10(6) ) and amoeboid protists (0.4-4.6 × 10(3) ). The ranges in C-biomass (μg/g lichen dry weight) across the 11 sites were: bacteria (8.8-158.5), HNF (0.03-0.85), and amoeboid protists (0.08-540), the latter broad range was due particularly to absence or presence of large slime mold plasmodia.
树皮叶状地衣在全球范围内广泛分布。在一些地区，如森林中，它们构成了大量的生物量。然而，关于包括与叶状地衣相关的真核微生物在内的微生物群落的研究报告却很少。对从11个地点（佛罗里达州、纽约州、德国、澳大利亚和北极地区）的树皮上采集的地衣进行了检查，以确定细菌和一些真核微生物，即异养纳米鞭毛虫（HNF）和变形虫原生生物的密度及碳生物量。发现了丰富的微生物多样性，包括一些大型的多核变形虫黏菌，在某些情况下其大小超过100微米。HNF和变形虫原生生物的密度均与细菌密度呈正相关，相关系数r分别为0.84和0.80（p < 0.01，每次分析的样本量N = 11），这表明可能存在以细菌为基础的食物网。微生物密度（每克地衣干重中的数量）在不同地理采样地点之间有显著差异：细菌（0.7 - 13.1×10⁸）、HNF（0.2 - 6.8×10⁶）和变形虫原生生物（0.4 - 4.6×10³）。11个地点的碳生物量范围（每克地衣干重中的微克数）分别为：细菌（8.8 - 158.5）、HNF（0.03 - 0.85）和变形虫原生生物（0.08 - 540），后者范围较宽尤其归因于大型黏菌多核体的有无。
