Matthews T J, MacDorman Marian F
Natl Vital Stat Rep. 2013 Dec 18;62(8):1-26.
This report presents 2010 period infant mortality statistics from the linked birth/infant death data set (linked file) by maternal and infant characteristics. The linked file differs from the mortality rate declined mortality file, which is based entirely on death certificate data.
Descriptive tabulations of data are presented and interpreted.
The U.S. infant mortality rate was 6.14 infant deaths per 1,000 live births in 2010, 4% lower than the rate of 6.39 in 2009. The number of infant deaths was 24,572 in 2010, a decline of 1,836 infant deaths from 2009. From 2009 to 2010, the infant mortality rate declined 8% for non-Hispanic black mothers to 11.46, and 3% for non-Hispanic white mothers to 5.18. Asian or Pacific Islander mothers had the lowest rate in 2010 (4.27). From 2009 to 2010, the neonatal mortality rate declined by 3% to 4.05 neonatal deaths per 1,000 live births, while the postneonatal mortality rate declined 5% to 2.10. In 2010, infants born at 37-38 weeks of gestation (early term) had infant mortality rates that were 62% higher than those born at 39-41 weeks of gestation. For multiple births, the infant mortality rate was 25.41, almost five times the rate of 5.45 for singleton births. The three leading causes of infant death-congenital malformations, low birthweight, and sudden infant death syndrome-accounted for 46% of all infant deaths. In 2010, 35.2% of infant deaths were preterm-related.
本报告呈现了2010年期间通过母婴特征关联的出生/婴儿死亡数据集（关联文件）得出的婴儿死亡率统计数据。该关联文件不同于死亡率下降文件，后者完全基于死亡证明数据。
呈现并解读数据的描述性表格。
2010年美国婴儿死亡率为每1000例活产中有6.14例婴儿死亡，比2009年的6.39有所下降，降幅为4%。2010年婴儿死亡数为24572例，比2009年减少了1836例。从2009年到2010年，非西班牙裔黑人母亲的婴儿死亡率下降了8%，降至11.46，非西班牙裔白人母亲的婴儿死亡率下降了3%，降至5.18。亚洲或太平洋岛民母亲的婴儿死亡率在2010年最低（4.27）。从2009年到2010年，新生儿死亡率下降了3%，降至每1000例活产中有4.05例新生儿死亡，而后新生儿死亡率下降了5%，降至2.10。2010年，孕37至孕38周（早期足月）出生的婴儿死亡率比孕39至孕41周出生的婴儿死亡率高62%。对于多胞胎，婴儿死亡率为25.41，几乎是单胞胎5.45这一死亡率数值的五倍。婴儿死亡的三大主要原因——先天性畸形、低出生体重和婴儿猝死综合征——占所有婴儿死亡的46%。2010年，35.2%的婴儿死亡与早产有关。
