Arnemo Marianne, Kavaliauskis Arturas, Gjøen Tor
Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, PO Box 1068 Blindern, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway.
Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, PO Box 1068 Blindern, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway.
Dev Comp Immunol. 2014 Oct;46(2):139-45. doi: 10.1016/j.dci.2014.03.023. Epub 2014 Apr 13.
The development of efficient and cheap vaccines against several aquatic viruses is necessary for a sustainable fish farming industry. Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands have already been used as good adjuvants in human vaccines. With more understanding of TLR expression, function, and ligand specificity in fish, more efficient adjuvants for fish viral vaccines can be developed. In this paper, we examine all known TLRs in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and demonstrate that head kidney and spleen are the main organs expressing TLRs in salmon. We also show that adherent head kidney leucocytes from salmon are able to respond to many of the known agonists for human TLRs, and that viral infection can induce up-regulation of several TLRs. These findings substantiate these receptors' role in immune responses to pathogens in salmonids making their ligands attractive as vaccine adjuvant candidates.
对于可持续的养鱼业而言，开发针对多种水生病毒的高效廉价疫苗是必要的。Toll样受体（TLR）配体已在人类疫苗中用作良好的佐剂。随着对鱼类TLR表达、功能和配体特异性的更多了解，可以开发出更有效的鱼类病毒疫苗佐剂。在本文中，我们研究了大西洋鲑（Salmo salar）中所有已知的TLR，并证明头肾和脾脏是鲑鱼中表达TLR的主要器官。我们还表明，来自鲑鱼的贴壁头肾白细胞能够对许多已知的人类TLR激动剂作出反应，并且病毒感染可诱导几种TLR的上调。这些发现证实了这些受体在鲑科鱼类对病原体的免疫反应中的作用，使其配体作为疫苗佐剂候选物具有吸引力。
