Rothschild Jeff, Hoddy Kristin K, Jambazian Pera, Varady Krista A
School of Kinesiology and Nutritional Science, California State University, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Nutr Rev. 2014 May;72(5):308-18. doi: 10.1111/nure.12104. Epub 2014 Apr 16.
Time-restricted feeding (TRF), a key component of intermittent fasting regimens, has gained considerable attention in recent years. TRF allows ad libitum energy intake within controlled time frames, generally a 3-12 hour range each day. The impact of various TRF regimens on indicators of metabolic disease risk has yet to be investigated. Accordingly, the objective of this review was to summarize the current literature on the effects of TRF on body weight and markers of metabolic disease risk (i.e., lipid, glucoregulatory, and inflammatory factors) in animals and humans. Results from animal studies show TRF to be associated with reductions in body weight, total cholesterol, and concentrations of triglycerides, glucose, insulin, interleukin 6, and tumor necrosis factor-α as well as with improvements in insulin sensitivity. Human data support the findings of animal studies and demonstrate decreased body weight (though not consistently), lower concentrations of triglycerides, glucose, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and increased concentrations of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. These preliminary findings show promise for the use of TRF in modulating a variety of metabolic disease risk factors.
限时进食（TRF）是间歇性禁食方案的一个关键组成部分，近年来受到了广泛关注。TRF允许在可控的时间范围内自由摄入能量，通常每天为3至12小时。各种TRF方案对代谢疾病风险指标的影响尚未得到研究。因此，本综述的目的是总结当前关于TRF对动物和人类体重及代谢疾病风险标志物（即脂质、糖调节和炎症因子）影响的文献。动物研究结果表明，TRF与体重、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、葡萄糖、胰岛素、白细胞介素6和肿瘤坏死因子-α浓度的降低以及胰岛素敏感性的改善有关。人类数据支持动物研究的结果，并表明体重下降（尽管并不一致）、甘油三酯、葡萄糖和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度降低，以及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度升高。这些初步发现表明，TRF在调节多种代谢疾病风险因素方面具有应用前景。
