Shareef P A Ahammed, Brennan Gerard P, McVeigh Paul, Khan M A Hannan, Morphew Russell M, Mousley Angela, Marks Nikki J, Saifullah M K, Brophy Peter M, Maule Aaron G, Abidi S M A
Section of Parasitology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India.
Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
Acta Trop. 2014 Aug;136:108-17. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2014.04.011. Epub 2014 Apr 15.
Triclabendazole (TCBZ), the anthelmintic drug active against both mature and immature liver flukes, was used to investigate the effect of in vivo treatment on the tegumental surface of juvenile Fasciola gigantica. Five goats were infected with 150 F. gigantica metacercariae each by oral gavage. Four of them were treated with single dose of TCBZ at 10mg/kg at four weeks post-infection. They were euthanized at 0 (untreated), 24, 48, 72 and 96h post treatment. Juvenile flukes were manually retrieved from the goat livers and processed for scanning electron microscopy. In control flukes, the anterior region was adorned with sharply pointed spines projecting away from the surface, while in the posterior region, spines become shorter and narrower, loosing serration and with the appearance of distinct furrows and papillae. The dorsal surface retained the same pattern of surface architecture similar to that of ventral surface. Flukes obtained from 24h post-treatment did not show any apparent change and were still very active. However, there were limited movements and some blebbing, swelling, deposition of tegumental secretions and some flattening displayed by the flukes of 48h post-treatment. All the worms were found dead 72h post-treatment and showed advanced level of tegumental disruptions, consisting of severe distortion of spines, sloughing off the tegument to expose the basal lamina, formation of pores and isolated patches of lesions. By 96h post-treatment, the disruption was extremely severe and the tegument was completely sheared off causing deeper lesions that exposed the underlying musculature. The disruption was more severe at posterior than anterior region and on ventral than dorsal surface. The present study further establishes the time-course of TCBZ action in vivo with 100% efficacy against the juvenile tropical liver fluke.
三氯苯达唑（TCBZ）是一种对成熟和未成熟肝吸虫均有活性的驱虫药，用于研究体内治疗对巨片形吸虫幼虫体表的影响。通过口服灌胃，给5只山羊每只感染150个巨片形吸虫囊蚴。其中4只在感染后4周以10mg/kg的单剂量TCBZ进行治疗。在治疗后0（未治疗）、24、48、72和96小时对它们实施安乐死。从山羊肝脏中手动取出幼虫，并进行扫描电子显微镜检查处理。在对照幼虫中，前部区域装饰有从表面突出的尖锐棘刺，而在后部区域，棘刺变得更短更窄，失去锯齿状并出现明显的沟和乳头。背面保留了与腹面相似的表面结构模式。治疗后24小时获得的幼虫没有显示出任何明显变化，并且仍然非常活跃。然而，治疗后48小时的幼虫出现活动受限，并有一些气泡形成、肿胀、体表分泌物沉积和一些扁平化现象。在治疗后72小时发现所有蠕虫死亡，并显示出高级别的体表破坏，包括棘刺严重变形、体表脱落以暴露基膜、形成孔隙和孤立的病变斑块。到治疗后96小时，破坏极其严重，体表完全脱落，导致更深的病变，暴露了下面的肌肉组织。后部区域的破坏比前部区域更严重，腹面比背面更严重。本研究进一步确定了TCBZ在体内的作用时间进程，对热带肝吸虫幼虫的疗效达100%。
