Nanoscience for Energy Technology and Sustainability, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland.
Science. 2014 Apr 18;344(6181):289-92. doi: 10.1126/science.1249097.
A two-dimensional (2D) porous layer can make an ideal membrane for separation of chemical mixtures because its infinitesimal thickness promises ultimate permeation. Graphene--with great mechanical strength, chemical stability, and inherent impermeability--offers a unique 2D system with which to realize this membrane and study the mass transport, if perforated precisely. We report highly efficient mass transfer across physically perforated double-layer graphene, having up to a few million pores with narrowly distributed diameters between less than 10 nanometers and 1 micrometer. The measured transport rates are in agreement with predictions of 2D transport theories. Attributed to its atomic thicknesses, these porous graphene membranes show permeances of gas, liquid, and water vapor far in excess of those shown by finite-thickness membranes, highlighting the ultimate permeation these 2D membranes can provide.
二维（2D）多孔层可以成为化学混合物分离的理想膜，因为其极薄的厚度保证了最终的渗透性。石墨烯具有优异的机械强度、化学稳定性和固有不渗透性，为实现这种膜并研究质量传递提供了独特的 2D 体系，如果精确穿孔的话。我们报告了在物理穿孔双层石墨烯中实现的高效质量传递，该石墨烯具有多达几百万个孔径，直径分布在小于 10 纳米至 1 微米之间。测量的传输速率与二维传输理论的预测相符。由于其原子厚度，这些多孔石墨烯膜的气体、液体和水蒸气渗透率远远超过有限厚度膜的渗透率，突出了这些 2D 膜所能提供的最终渗透性。
