Hullin-Matsuda Françoise, Taguchi Tomohiko, Greimel Peter, Kobayashi Toshihide
Lipid Biology Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1, Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; INSERM U1060-Université Lyon1, 69621 Villeurbanne, France.
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2014 Jul;31:48-56. doi: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2014.04.010. Epub 2014 Apr 18.
Lipids play an essential role in the structure of the endosomal membranes as well as in their dynamic rearrangement during the transport of internalized cargoes along the endocytic pathway. In this review, we discuss the function of endosomal lipids mainly in mammalian cells, focusing on two well-known components of the lipid rafts, sphingomyelin and cholesterol, as well as on three anionic phospholipids, phosphatidylserine, polyphosphoinositides and the atypical phospholipid, bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate/lysobisphosphatidic acid. We detail the structure, metabolism, distribution and role of these lipids in the endosome system as well as their importance in pathological conditions where modification of the endosomal membrane flow can lead to various diseases such as lipid-storage diseases, myopathies and neuropathies.
脂质在内体膜结构以及内化货物沿内吞途径运输过程中的动态重排中起着至关重要的作用。在本综述中，我们主要讨论哺乳动物细胞中内体脂质的功能，重点关注脂筏的两个著名成分，鞘磷脂和胆固醇，以及三种阴离子磷脂，磷脂酰丝氨酸、多磷酸肌醇和非典型磷脂，双（单酰甘油）磷酸/溶血双磷脂酸。我们详细阐述了这些脂质在内体系统中的结构、代谢、分布和作用，以及它们在病理条件下的重要性，在内体膜流动的改变可导致各种疾病，如脂质贮积病、肌病和神经病。
