Arumugam Senthil, Kaur Amandeep
European Molecular Biology Laboratory Australia Node for Single Molecule Science and ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, New South Wales, Australia.
Chembiochem. 2017 Jun 19;18(12):1053-1060. doi: 10.1002/cbic.201700046. Epub 2017 May 10.
Early endosomes are dynamic intracellular compartments that fuse with incoming endocytic carrier vesicles and associated cargoes from the plasma membrane. It has been long known that the chemical structures of lipids confer striking properties and rich biochemistry on bilayers. Although the organisational principles of the plasma membrane are relatively better understood, understanding endosomal membranes has been challenging. It has become increasingly apparent that endosomal membranes, because of their lipid compositions and interactions, use distinct lipid chemistries. We discuss the biochemical and biophysical phenomena in play at the early endosomal membrane. We focus on cholesterol, phosphoinositides, and phosphatidylserine and their clear roles in endosome functions. We discuss the various principles and mechanisms underpinning how these lipids are implicated at the functional level in the working of endosomes, and we summarise early endosomes as a multimodal organelle employing distinct lipid-specific mechanisms.
早期内体是动态的细胞内区室，它与来自质膜的内吞载体囊泡及相关货物融合。长期以来，人们都知道脂质的化学结构赋予了双层膜显著的特性和丰富的生物化学性质。尽管质膜的组织原则相对而言得到了更好的理解，但了解内体膜一直具有挑战性。越来越明显的是，由于其脂质组成和相互作用，内体膜使用独特的脂质化学性质。我们讨论了早期内体膜中发生的生化和生物物理现象。我们重点关注胆固醇、磷酸肌醇和磷脂酰丝氨酸及其在内体功能中的明确作用。我们讨论了这些脂质在功能水平上如何参与内体工作的各种原则和机制，并将早期内体总结为一个采用独特脂质特异性机制的多模式细胞器。
