Section for Ecoinformatics & Biodiversity, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
Ecol Lett. 2014 Jul;17(7):811-20. doi: 10.1111/ele.12285. Epub 2014 Apr 22.
The extent to which species' ecological and phylogenetic relatedness shape their co-occurrence patterns at large spatial scales remains poorly understood. By quantifying phylogenetic assemblage structure within geographic ranges of >8000 bird species, we show that global co-occurrence patterns are linked - after accounting for regional effects - to key ecological traits reflecting diet, mobility, body size and climatic preference. We found that co-occurrences of carnivorous, migratory and cold-climate species are phylogenetically clustered, whereas nectarivores, herbivores, frugivores and invertebrate eaters tend to be more phylogenetically overdispersed. Preference for open or forested habitats appeared to be independent from the level of phylogenetic clustering. Our results advocate for an extension of the tropical niche conservatism hypothesis to incorporate ecological and life-history traits beyond the climatic niche. They further offer a novel species-oriented perspective on how biogeographic and evolutionary legacies interact with ecological traits to shape global patterns of species coexistence in birds.
物种的生态和系统发育相关性在多大程度上塑造了它们在大空间尺度上的共存模式，目前仍知之甚少。通过量化 >8000 种鸟类地理分布范围内的系统发育组合结构，我们表明，全球共存模式在考虑区域效应后与反映饮食、移动性、体型和气候偏好的关键生态特征相关联。我们发现，肉食性、迁徙性和寒冷气候物种的共存是系统发育聚类的，而花蜜、草食性、果食性和无脊椎动物食性的物种则倾向于系统发育过度分散。对开阔或森林栖息地的偏好似乎与系统发育聚类水平无关。我们的研究结果主张将热带生态位保守主义假说扩展到包含气候生态位以外的生态和生活史特征。它们进一步为生物地理和进化遗产如何与生态特征相互作用，从而塑造鸟类物种共存的全球模式提供了一种新颖的以物种为导向的视角。
