El-Khateeb Ekramy A, Lotfi Ranya A, Abd Elaziz Khaled M, El-Shiekh Suzan E
Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
Int J Dermatol. 2014 May;53(5):609-16. doi: 10.1111/ijd.12335.
Information on prevalences of pediatric dermatoses in Egypt is scanty. This study aimed to supplement existing data.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in Damietta, Egypt between October 2011 and March 2012. It involved 6162 pupils randomly selected from 30 primary schools. The sample was equally divided (3081 pupils/15 schools) between urban and rural areas. Each participant was interviewed for age, gender, residence and complaint. Hygiene status was evaluated and a clinical examination was carried out for skin diseases. Data were coded and analyzed.
Although most children revealed more than one dermatosis, the majority (76.2%) had not complained of disease. The most common disease group included benign neoplasms (87.0%), followed by pigmentary disorders (68.3%), infections (50.9%), adnexal disorders (14.1%), hypersensitivity diseases (14.0%), genodermatoses (0.3%) and papulosquamous diseases (0.2%). The most common subgroup of diseases comprised parasitic infections (47.5%), among which pediculosis prevailed (47.5%), followed by dermatitis (10.0%) in which pityriasis alba dominated (6.0%), followed by hair disorders (9.3%), bacterial infections (5.9%), urticaria (4.4%), sebaceous gland disorders (2.7%), sweat gland disorders (2.3%), viral infections (1.6%) and fungal infections (0.7%). The most commonly found diseases included, in descending order, acquired melanocytic nevus, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, pediculosis, leukoderma, café au lait spots, atrophic scar, cicatricial alopecia, hypertrophic scar, pityriasis alba, papular urticaria, xerosis and impetigo.
The high prevalence of skin diseases, especially of trauma-related disorders and infections, may be mainly attributable to a lack of appropriate health awareness and care, which has created a tendency within the population to adapt without complaining or seeking medical help. Such circumstances, unfortunately, have resulted in a growing community of silent patients.
埃及儿童皮肤病患病率的相关信息匮乏。本研究旨在补充现有数据。
2011年10月至2012年3月在埃及达米埃塔进行了一项横断面研究。研究涉及从30所小学随机选取的6162名学生。样本在城乡地区平均分配（各15所学校，3081名学生）。对每位参与者进行年龄、性别、居住地及主诉方面的访谈。评估卫生状况并对皮肤病进行临床检查。数据进行编码和分析。
尽管大多数儿童患有不止一种皮肤病，但大多数（76.2%）并未主诉患病。最常见的疾病组包括良性肿瘤（87.0%），其次是色素沉着紊乱（68.3%）、感染（50.9%）、附属器疾病（14.1%）、超敏反应性疾病（14.0%）、遗传性皮肤病（0.3%）和丘疹鳞屑性疾病（0.2%）。最常见的疾病亚组包括寄生虫感染（47.5%），其中头虱病最为普遍（47.5%），其次是皮炎（10.0%），其中白色糠疹占主导（6.0%），随后是毛发疾病（9.3%）、细菌感染（5.9%）、荨麻疹（4.4%）、皮脂腺疾病（2.7%）、汗腺疾病（2.3%）、病毒感染（1.6%）和真菌感染（0.7%）。最常见的疾病依次为后天性黑素细胞痣、炎症后色素沉着、头虱病、白斑、牛奶咖啡斑、萎缩性瘢痕、瘢痕性脱发、肥厚性瘢痕、白色糠疹、丘疹性荨麻疹、皮肤干燥和脓疱病。
皮肤病患病率较高，尤其是与创伤相关的疾病和感染，可能主要归因于缺乏适当的健康意识和护理，这导致人群中存在一种不抱怨或不寻求医疗帮助的适应倾向。不幸的是，这种情况导致了一个日益增多的沉默患者群体。
