Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2011 Jun;25(6):666-72. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2010.03846.x. Epub 2010 Sep 5.
Epidemiological data on paediatric dermatoses in Egypt are scanty.
To study the spectrum of paediatric dermatoses in Cairo.
The medical records of children attending the dermatology outpatient clinics of Ain Shams University hospital for the year 2001 were retrieved. Data of 3049 patients were included. Demographic data (age and gender) and diagnoses were extracted, coded and analysed.
Patients' attendance peaked in summer (42.57%) and revealed female predominance (1.3:1). Infections constituted most of dermatoses (52.87%) and impetigo was most common (12.04%). Hypersensitivity came after (18.6%), and contact dermatitis prevailed (6.03%). Females predominated in most dermatoses. Bacterial infections were the most common in both genders. Age distribution revealed prevalence of bacterial infections in infants and preschool children, parasitic infections in school children and sebaceous gland disorders in adolescents. Parasitic infections prevailed in winter and spring, whereas bacterial infections prevailed in summer and autumn. Most dermatoses peaked in summer except urticaria and chicken pox that peaked in spring.
Infections outnumbered other paediatric dermatoses parallel to the situation in developing communities. Such diseases are potentially controllable and therefore strategies that target infections may represent a key to an efficient child health care programme.
埃及儿科皮肤病的流行病学数据很少。
研究开罗儿科皮肤病的范围。
检索了 2001 年艾因夏姆斯大学医院皮肤科门诊就诊的儿童的病历。共纳入 3049 例患者。提取、编码和分析人口统计学数据（年龄和性别）和诊断。
就诊高峰期在夏季（42.57%），女性居多（1.3:1）。感染是大多数皮肤病（52.87%）的主要原因，脓疱疮最常见（12.04%）。过敏反应次之（18.6%），接触性皮炎占主导地位（6.03%）。大多数皮肤病中女性居多。在两性中，细菌感染最为常见。年龄分布显示，婴儿和学龄前儿童以细菌感染为主，学龄儿童以寄生虫感染为主，青少年以皮脂腺疾病为主。寄生虫感染在冬春两季更为常见，而细菌感染则在夏秋两季更为常见。除荨麻疹和水痘外，大多数皮肤病的发病高峰期都在夏季。
感染在儿科皮肤病中比其他疾病更为常见，这与发展中社区的情况一致。这类疾病是可以控制的，因此针对感染的策略可能是高效儿童保健计划的关键。
