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本文引用的文献

1
Curricular integration in pharmacy education.药学教育中的课程整合。
Am J Pharm Educ. 2012 Dec 12;76(10):204. doi: 10.5688/ajpe7610204.
2
What is a spiral curriculum?什么是螺旋式课程?
Med Teach. 1999;21(2):141-3. doi: 10.1080/01421599979752.
3
Calls for reform of medical education by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching: 1910 and 2010.卡内基教学促进基金会对医学教育改革的呼吁:1910 年和 2010 年。
Acad Med. 2010 Feb;85(2):220-7. doi: 10.1097/ACM.0b013e3181c88449.
4
Pharmacy is a science-based profession.药学是一门以科学为基础的专业。
Am J Pharm Educ. 2007 Feb 15;71(1):11. doi: 10.5688/aj710111.
5
Student perspectives on pharmacy curriculum and instruction in Egyptian schools.埃及学校学生对药学课程与教学的看法。
Am J Pharm Educ. 2006 Feb 15;70(1):9. doi: 10.5688/aj700109.
6
Science or practice? UK undergraduate experiences and attitudes to the MPharm degree.科学还是实践?英国本科学生对药学硕士学位的体验与态度。
Pharm World Sci. 2006 Oct;28(5):278-83. doi: 10.1007/s11096-006-9038-2. Epub 2006 Nov 17.
7
Toward an integrated medical curriculum.迈向综合医学课程。
Med Health R I. 2005 Aug;88(8):258-61.
8
A subsumption theory of meaningful verbal learning and retention.有意义言语学习与记忆的同化理论。
J Gen Psychol. 1962 Apr;66:213-24. doi: 10.1080/00221309.1962.9711837.
9
Attitudes among students and teachers on vertical integration between clinical medicine and basic science within a problem-based undergraduate medical curriculum.基于问题的本科医学课程中,学生和教师对临床医学与基础科学纵向整合的态度。
Med Teach. 2002 May;24(3):286-8. doi: 10.1080/01421590220134105.
10
Pros and cons of vertical integration between clinical medicine and basic science within a problem-based undergraduate medical curriculum: examples and experiences from Linköping, Sweden.基于问题的本科医学课程中临床医学与基础科学垂直整合的利弊:来自瑞典林雪平的实例与经验
Med Teach. 2002 May;24(3):280-5. doi: 10.1080/01421590220134097.

将科学与实践融入药学课程。

Integrating science and practice in pharmacy curricula.

作者信息

Husband Andrew K, Todd Adam, Fulton John

机构信息

School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Division of Pharmacy, Durham University, Stockton-On-Tees, United Kingdom.

School of Pharmacy Health and Wellbeing, University of Sunderland, Sunderland, United Kingdom.

出版信息

Am J Pharm Educ. 2014 Apr 17;78(3):63. doi: 10.5688/ajpe78363.

DOI:10.5688/ajpe78363
PMID:24761024
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3996395/
Abstract

An integrated curriculum is one where the summation of different academic disciplines forms a coherent whole and, importantly, where the relationships between the different disciplines have been carefully and strategically considered when forming the composite. Within pharmacy curriculum integration is important in order to produce graduates who have the capacity to apply their knowledge to a range of complex problems where available information is often incomplete. This paper discusses the development of an integrated curriculum in which students are presented with an organized, logical sequence of material, but still challenged to make their own integrations and develop as integrative thinkers. An evidence-based model upon which an interdisciplinary undergraduate pharmacy curriculum can be built is presented.

摘要

整合课程是指不同学科的总和形成一个连贯的整体,重要的是,在形成这个综合体时,不同学科之间的关系已经经过仔细和战略性的考量。在药学课程中,整合很重要,以便培养出有能力将其知识应用于一系列复杂问题的毕业生,而这些问题中的可用信息往往是不完整的。本文讨论了一种整合课程的开发,在该课程中,学生将接触到有组织、合乎逻辑的材料序列,但仍面临挑战,要进行自己的整合并发展成为综合思考者。本文还提出了一个基于证据的模型,在此基础上可以构建跨学科的本科药学课程。