López-Cruz Laura, Salamone John D, Correa Mercè
Àrea de Psicobiologia, Universitat Jaume I , Castelló, Spain .
Department of Psychology, University of Connecticut , Storrs, Connecticut.
J Caffeine Res. 2013 Mar;3(1):9-21. doi: 10.1089/jcr.2013.0003.
The impact of caffeine on the behavioral effects of ethanol, including ethanol consumption and abuse, has become a topic of great interest due to the rise in popularity of the so-called energy drinks. Energy drinks high in caffeine are frequently taken in combination with ethanol under the popular belief that caffeine can offset some of the intoxicating effects of ethanol. However, scientific research has not universally supported the idea that caffeine can reduce the effects of ethanol in humans or in rodents, and the mechanisms mediating the caffeine-ethanol interactions are not well understood. Caffeine and ethanol have a common biological substrate; both act on neurochemical processes related to the neuromodulator adenosine. Caffeine acts as a nonselective adenosine A and A receptor antagonist, while ethanol has been demonstrated to increase the basal adenosinergic tone via multiple mechanisms. Since adenosine transmission modulates multiple behavioral processes, the interaction of both drugs can regulate a wide range of effects related to alcohol consumption and the development of ethanol addiction. In the present review, we discuss the relatively small number of animal studies that have assessed the interactions between caffeine and ethanol, as well as the interactions between ethanol and subtype-selective adenosine receptor antagonists, to understand the basic findings and determine the possible mechanisms of action underlying the caffeine-ethanol interactions.
由于所谓能量饮料的日益流行，咖啡因对乙醇行为效应（包括乙醇摄入和滥用）的影响已成为一个备受关注的话题。富含咖啡因的能量饮料常与乙醇一起饮用，人们普遍认为咖啡因可以抵消乙醇的一些醉酒效应。然而，科学研究并未普遍支持咖啡因能减轻乙醇对人类或啮齿动物影响的观点，且介导咖啡因与乙醇相互作用的机制也尚未完全清楚。咖啡因和乙醇有一个共同的生物底物；二者均作用于与神经调质腺苷相关的神经化学过程。咖啡因作为一种非选择性腺苷A1和A2受体拮抗剂，而乙醇已被证明可通过多种机制增加基础腺苷能张力。由于腺苷传递调节多种行为过程，两种药物的相互作用可调节与酒精摄入及乙醇成瘾发展相关的广泛效应。在本综述中，我们讨论了相对较少的评估咖啡因与乙醇之间相互作用，以及乙醇与亚型选择性腺苷受体拮抗剂之间相互作用的动物研究，以了解基本发现并确定咖啡因 - 乙醇相互作用潜在的可能作用机制。
