Pudrovska Tetyana, Logan Ellis Scott, Richman Aliza
Department of Sociology and Criminology, Population Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, 514 Oswald Tower, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
Department of Sociology and Criminology, Pennsylvania State University, 412 Oswald Tower, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
Soc Sci Res. 2014 Jul;46:59-71. doi: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2014.02.007. Epub 2014 Feb 22.
Using the 1957-2004 data from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study, we apply structural equation modeling to examine gender-specific effects of family socioeconomic status (SES) at age 18 on body weight at age 65. We further explore SES and health behaviors over the life course as mechanisms linking family background and later-life body weight. We find that early-life socioeconomic disadvantage is related to higher body weight at age 65 and a steeper weight increase between midlife and late life. These adverse effects are stronger among women than men. Significant mediators of the effect of parents' SES include adolescent body mass (especially among women) as well as exercise and SES in midlife. Yet, consistent with the critical period mechanism, the effect of early-life SES on late-life body weight persists net of all mediating variables. This study expands current understanding of life-course mechanisms that contribute to obesity and increase biological vulnerability to social disadvantage.
利用威斯康星纵向研究1957 - 2004年的数据，我们应用结构方程模型来检验18岁时家庭社会经济地位（SES）对65岁时体重的性别特异性影响。我们进一步探讨了生命历程中的社会经济地位和健康行为，将其作为连接家庭背景和晚年体重的机制。我们发现，早年的社会经济劣势与65岁时较高的体重以及中年到老年期间更快的体重增加有关。这些不利影响在女性中比男性更强。父母社会经济地位影响的重要中介因素包括青少年时期的体重（尤其是在女性中）以及中年时期的运动和社会经济地位。然而，与关键期机制一致，早年社会经济地位对晚年体重的影响在扣除所有中介变量后仍然存在。本研究扩展了当前对导致肥胖并增加生物易感性以应对社会劣势的生命历程机制的理解。
