Koch Franziska, Möller Anja-M, Frenz Martin, Pieles Uwe, Kuehni-Boghenbor Kathrin, Mevissen Meike
Veterinary Pharmacology & Toxicology, Vetsuisse Faculty University Bern, Länggassstrasse 124, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
Institute of Applied Physics, University Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
Toxicol In Vitro. 2014 Aug;28(5):990-8. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2014.04.010. Epub 2014 Apr 21.
The uptake of silica (Si) and gold (Au) nanoparticles (NPs) engineered for laser-tissue soldering in the brain was investigated using microglial cells and undifferentiated and differentiated SH-SY5Y cells. It is not known what effects NPs elicit once entering the brain. Cellular uptake, cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and the potential induction of oxidative stress by means of depletion of glutathione levels were determined after NP exposure at concentrations of 10(3) and 10(9)NPs/ml. Au-, silica poly (ε-caprolactone) (Si-PCL-) and silica poly-L-lactide (Si-PLLA)-NPs were taken up by all cells investigated. Aggregates and single NPs were found in membrane-surrounded vacuoles and the cytoplasm, but not in the nucleus. Both NP concentrations investigated did not result in cytotoxicity or apoptosis, but reduced glutathione (GSH) levels predominantly at 6 and 24h, but not after 12 h of NP exposure in the microglial cells. NP exposure-induced GSH depletion was concentration-dependent in both cell lines. Si-PCL-NPs induced the strongest effect of GSH depletion followed by Si-PLLA-NPs and Au-NPs. NP size seems to be an important characteristic for this effect. Overall, Au-NPs are most promising for laser-assisted vascular soldering in the brain. Further studies are necessary to further evaluate possible effects of these NPs in neuronal cells.
利用小胶质细胞以及未分化和分化的SH-SY5Y细胞，研究了用于脑部激光组织焊接的二氧化硅（Si）和金（Au）纳米颗粒（NPs）的摄取情况。纳米颗粒一旦进入大脑会引发何种效应尚不清楚。在以10³和10⁹个纳米颗粒/毫升的浓度暴露纳米颗粒后，测定了细胞摄取、细胞毒性、细胞凋亡以及通过谷胱甘肽水平耗竭对氧化应激的潜在诱导作用。所研究的所有细胞均摄取了金、二氧化硅聚（ε-己内酯）（Si-PCL-）和二氧化硅聚-L-丙交酯（Si-PLLA）纳米颗粒。在膜包围的液泡和细胞质中发现了聚集体和单个纳米颗粒，但在细胞核中未发现。所研究的两种纳米颗粒浓度均未导致细胞毒性或细胞凋亡，但在小胶质细胞中，纳米颗粒暴露6小时和24小时后主要降低了谷胱甘肽（GSH）水平，而在暴露12小时后未出现这种情况。纳米颗粒暴露诱导的GSH耗竭在两种细胞系中均呈浓度依赖性。Si-PCL纳米颗粒诱导GSH耗竭的作用最强，其次是Si-PLLA纳米颗粒和金纳米颗粒。纳米颗粒大小似乎是产生这种效应的一个重要特征。总体而言，金纳米颗粒在脑部激光辅助血管焊接方面最具前景。有必要进行进一步研究以进一步评估这些纳米颗粒在神经元细胞中的可能作用。
