Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea; The Korea Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea.
Environ Res. 2014 Jul;132:119-25. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2014.04.008. Epub 2014 Apr 25.
Cadmium exposure was found to cause a decline in lung function among the general population, but these findings were limited to smokers and gender differences were not explored.
To examine the relationship between cadmium and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) according to gender and smoking status in Korea.
Cross-sectional data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2008 to 2011 were analyzed. COPD was defined by a pre-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1s divided by forced vital capacity of <0.70. A logistic regression model was used to elucidate the association between blood cadmium levels and COPD according to gender and smoking status.
Among 3861 eligible participants, 3622 were included in the analysis. The prevalence of COPD demonstrated an increasing trend in males (P for trend<0.001), but not in females (P for trend=0.67). After adjusting for covariates, a higher blood cadmium level, but within the normal range, was associated with COPD in males, including those who had never-smoked (P for trend <0.001 and P for trend=0.008). However, a higher blood cadmium level was not significantly associated with COPD in females, including those who had never smoked (P for trend=0.39 and P for trend=0.43).
A higher blood cadmium level, within the normal range, was associated with COPD in males, including those who had never smoked. However, there was no significant association between blood cadmium levels and COPD in females.
镉暴露被发现会导致普通人群的肺功能下降，但这些发现仅限于吸烟者，且没有探讨性别差异。
在韩国，根据性别和吸烟状况，研究镉与慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的关系。
对 2008 年至 2011 年韩国国家健康和营养检查调查的横断面数据进行分析。COPD 定义为支气管扩张剂前 1 秒用力呼气量与用力肺活量的比值<0.70。采用 logistic 回归模型阐明了血镉水平与 COPD 之间的关系，按性别和吸烟状况进行分层分析。
在 3861 名合格参与者中，有 3622 名被纳入分析。男性 COPD 的患病率呈上升趋势（趋势 P<0.001），但女性无此趋势（趋势 P=0.67）。在校正了混杂因素后，血镉水平较高（处于正常范围内）与男性 COPD 相关，包括从不吸烟的男性（趋势 P<0.001 和趋势 P=0.008）。然而，血镉水平较高与女性 COPD 无显著相关性，包括从不吸烟的女性（趋势 P=0.39 和趋势 P=0.43）。
血镉水平较高（处于正常范围内）与男性 COPD 相关，包括从不吸烟的男性。然而，女性血镉水平与 COPD 之间无显著相关性。
