Kanat M, Goksugur S B, Ozlu T, Tunckale A, Ozturk B, Ozturk F Y, Altuntas Y, Suleymanoglu Y, Atmaca H, Yolcu N, Gonenc I, Delibasi T, Zuhur S, Dikbas O, Aktas G, Karagoz Y, Abdul-Ghani M A
Departments of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul.
Departments of Pediatrics, Izzet Baysal Women's and Children's Hospital, Bolu.
Clin Ter. 2014;165(2):e145-7. doi: 10.7471/CT.2014.1698.
To assess the relation between fetal and maternal blood type (ABO, Rh) incompatibility and development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
A total of 500 pregnant women underwent diagnostic test for GDM by a 100-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) after an 8 to 12-h overnight fast participated in this study. OGTT was performed between the 24-28 weeks of gestation, but participants who were at high risk for GDM were tested after the first prenatal visit. In the postpartum period, maternal and infant blood types were determined. Presence of GDM was evaluated in terms of matched and unmatched fetal and maternal ABO and Rh blood types separately.
GDM was detected in 235 participants. Unmatched ABO blood types between the mother-infant pairs were present in 44.7% (n=105) of GDM (+) and 35.8 % (n=95) of GDM (-) patients. Incompatible feto-maternal ABO blood type was positively correlated with development of GDM which was marginally significant. (p=0.045; R=1.2;95% CL; 1.004-1.48). However, Rh feto-maternal blood type incompatibility was not related with development of GDM.
Feto-maternal ABO blood type incompatibility may be a weak risk factor for the development of GDM.
评估胎儿与母亲血型（ABO、Rh）不相容性与妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）发生发展之间的关系。
本研究纳入了500名孕妇，她们在禁食8至12小时后通过100克口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）进行GDM诊断测试。OGTT在妊娠24至28周之间进行，但GDM高危的参与者在首次产前检查后进行测试。产后确定母婴血型。分别根据胎儿与母亲ABO和Rh血型匹配和不匹配情况评估GDM的存在。
235名参与者被检测出患有GDM。母婴ABO血型不匹配在GDM阳性患者中占44.7%（n = 105），在GDM阴性患者中占35.8%（n = 95）。胎儿与母亲ABO血型不相容与GDM的发生呈正相关，具有边缘显著性（p = 0.045；R = 1.2；95%可信区间；1.004 - 1.48）。然而，胎儿与母亲Rh血型不相容与GDM的发生无关。
胎儿与母亲ABO血型不相容可能是GDM发生发展的一个弱风险因素。
