González-Osnaya L, Farrés A
a Department of Food and Biotechnology , Facultad de Quimica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Conjunto E. L-312, Circuito Institutos s/n, Ciudad Universitaria , Mexico 04510 , Mexico.
Food Addit Contam Part B Surveill. 2011;4(1):71-8. doi: 10.1080/19393210.2011.551944. Epub 2011 Feb 18.
Fusarium spp. invasion causes head blight, a destructive disease in the world's main wheat-growing areas, and deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEA) contamination in cereal-based products. No data are available on the relationship between Fusarium spp. on commercial wheat samples in Mexico City and the presence of mycotoxins. A total of 30 wheat samples were subject to a PCR method involving genes of the trichothecene and zearalenone biosynthesis pathways to detect the presence of Fusarium. Detection and quantification of DON and ZEA was performed using liquid chromatography coupled to UV detection. PCR indicated the presence of the Tri5 and PKS4 genes in 16.7 and 23.3% of samples, respectively. DON and ZEA contamination was found in 51.2 and 71.4% of samples, respectively, where a positive amplification was obtained. This work presents up-to-date information on mycotoxin contamination in Mexico, where improved contamination/exposure data and firm control/monitoring measures are needed.
镰刀菌属的侵染会导致小麦赤霉病，这是一种在世界主要小麦种植区极具破坏性的病害，还会导致谷物类产品被脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）和玉米赤霉烯酮（ZEA）污染。目前尚无关于墨西哥城商业小麦样本中的镰刀菌属与霉菌毒素存在情况之间关系的数据。总共30个小麦样本采用了一种涉及单端孢霉烯族毒素和玉米赤霉烯酮生物合成途径基因的PCR方法来检测镰刀菌的存在。使用液相色谱-紫外检测法对DON和ZEA进行检测和定量。PCR结果表明，分别有16.7%和23.3%的样本中存在Tri5和PKS4基因。在获得阳性扩增的样本中，分别有51.2%和71.4%的样本被DON和ZEA污染。这项工作提供了墨西哥霉菌毒素污染的最新信息，该国需要更完善的污染/暴露数据以及严格的控制/监测措施。
