Jha Jay C, Jandeleit-Dahm Karin A M, Cooper Mark E
JDRF Danielle Alberti Memorial Centre for Diabetic Complications, Diabetic Complications Division, Baker IDI Heart & Diabetes Institute, Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
JDRF Danielle Alberti Memorial Centre for Diabetic Complications, Diabetic Complications Division, Baker IDI Heart & Diabetes Institute, Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
Adv Chronic Kidney Dis. 2014 May;21(3):318-26. doi: 10.1053/j.ackd.2014.03.008.
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major microvascular complication of diabetes characterized by increasing albuminuria and progressive loss of kidney function. Increased excretion of albumin into the urine is a key feature of DN, and its assessment is considered to be an early marker predicting the onset and progression of DN. However, albuminuria has certain limitations; therefore, the quest for more reliable renal biomarkers with higher sensitivity and specificity are needed for early prediction of the onset and monitoring of the progression of DN. Furthermore, such biomarkers may also provide a better insight into identifying the complex pathophysiological processes responsible for DN. This article aims to provide a comprehensive and critical review of the current literature on relevant biomarkers of kidney injury, including markers of renal fibrosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress, as well as addressing contemporary proteomic approaches.
糖尿病肾病（DN）是糖尿病的一种主要微血管并发症，其特征为蛋白尿增加和肾功能进行性丧失。尿中白蛋白排泄增加是DN的一个关键特征，其评估被认为是预测DN发生和进展的早期标志物。然而，蛋白尿有一定局限性；因此，需要寻找更可靠、具有更高敏感性和特异性的肾脏生物标志物，用于早期预测DN的发生和监测其进展。此外，此类生物标志物还可能有助于更深入地了解导致DN的复杂病理生理过程。本文旨在对当前有关肾损伤相关生物标志物的文献进行全面且批判性的综述，包括肾纤维化、炎症和氧化应激的标志物，以及探讨当代蛋白质组学方法。
