一种用于衡量药剂师对其与患者工作的态度和信念的量表的开发与初步验证。
Development and initial validation of a scale to measure attitudes and beliefs of pharmacists toward their work with patients.
作者信息
Jocić Dragana, Krajnović Dusanka
出版信息
Vojnosanit Pregl. 2014 Apr;71(4):373-82. doi: 10.2298/vsp120314051j.
BACKGROUND/AIM: Studies on physicians and other health care professionals indicate that attitudes towards and beliefs in their work with patients, can affect the quality of health care, and patients' behaviour and compliance, thus an instrument is needed to survey pharmacists as healthcare providers. The aim of this study was to describe the development and psychometric validation of a survey instrument to assess attitudes and beliefs of pharmacists toward their work with patients (Pharmacists' Attitudes and Beliefs Scale, PABS). The aim of this research was to determine the reliability, validity and factor structure of a newly constructed instrument - PABS.
METHODS
The statements from the cognitive, affective, and behavioral areas were identified by literature review and selected to cover the behavior of pharmacists in providing pharmaceutical care at community settings. The initial 5-point Likert type scale of 30 items was constructed and after initial validation its revised form developed. The reliability, construct validity and factor structure of the scale were established.
RESULTS
The reliability of the scale was determined by the method of internal consistency, on a convenient sample of 123 community pharmacists. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.67. Factor analysis of principal components was performed and 7 factors with latent roots greater than 1 were extracted, explaining 64.92% of total variance, a single 30.84%, 8.20%, 6.55%, 5.63%00, 5.01%, 4.68% and 4.01%. Based on the results of factor analysis in the development of the scale, some items in the scale were excluded (totally 7), so that the revised form of the PABS contained a total of 23 items.
CONCLUSION
The initial PABS scale did not meet theoretical statistical criteria for reliability (Cronbach's alpha coefficient was < 0.7), but the findings indicated its potentially acceptable construct validity. The results support its use as a research tool to assess the behavior of pharmacists in daily practice, and provide its use as an indicator of quality in delivering pharmaceutical care.
背景/目的：针对医生和其他医疗保健专业人员的研究表明，他们对患者工作的态度和信念会影响医疗保健质量、患者行为及依从性，因此需要一种工具来调查作为医疗服务提供者的药剂师。本研究的目的是描述一种用于评估药剂师对患者工作的态度和信念（药剂师态度与信念量表，PABS）的调查工具的开发及心理测量学验证。本研究的目的是确定新构建的工具——PABS的信度、效度和因子结构。
方法
通过文献综述确定认知、情感和行为领域的陈述，并进行选择以涵盖药剂师在社区环境中提供药学服务的行为。构建了最初的30项5点李克特式量表，经过初步验证后开发出其修订版。确立了该量表的信度、结构效度和因子结构。
结果
通过内部一致性方法确定该量表在123名社区药剂师的便利样本上的信度。克朗巴哈α系数为0.67。进行主成分因子分析，提取出7个特征值大于1的因子，解释总方差的64.92%，单个因子分别解释30.84%、8.20%、6.55%、5.63%、5.01%、4.68%和4.01%。基于量表开发中的因子分析结果，排除了量表中的一些项目（共7项），因此PABS的修订版总共包含23项。
结论
最初的PABS量表不符合信度的理论统计标准（克朗巴哈α系数<0.7），但研究结果表明其具有潜在可接受的结构效度。结果支持将其用作评估药剂师日常实践行为的研究工具，并作为提供药学服务质量的指标。
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