Cook Audrey K, Spaulding Kathy A, Edwards John F
Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2014 May 15;244(10):1181-5. doi: 10.2460/javma.244.10.1181.
To determine the prevalence of and clinical features associated with incidental adrenal gland lesions (IAGLs) discovered during abdominal ultrasonography in dogs.
Retrospective case series.
151 dogs with an IAGL and 400 control dogs.
Reports of ultrasonographic examinations of the abdomen of dogs performed during a 3.5-year period were reviewed. Adrenal glands were classified as having an IAGL if a nodule or mass was described or the width of either gland was ≥ 10 mm. For dogs with an IAGL, information regarding signalment, concurrent disorders, and outcome was obtained from the medical record. Findings were compared with those in a control population of 400 dogs examined during the same period.
An IAGL was detected in 151 of 3,748 (4%) dogs. Dogs with an IAGL were significantly older (median age, 11.25 years) and heavier (median body weight, 21 kg [46.2 lb]) than the control population (median age, 9.5 years; median body weight, 14 kg [30.8 lb]). Malignant tumors were reported in 6 of 20 (30%) dogs that underwent adrenal glandectomy or necropsy and had a maximum IAGL dimension that ranged from 20 to 46 mm; benign lesions all had a maximum dimension < 20 mm. Various coincidental conditions were reported in dogs with an IAGL, including nonadrenal gland malignant neoplasia in 43 (28.5%) dogs.
IAGLs were more likely in dogs ≥ 9 years of age. On the basis of this small data set, malignancy should be suspected for IAGLs ≥ 20 mm in maximum dimension.
确定犬腹部超声检查时发现的意外肾上腺病变（IAGL）的患病率及相关临床特征。
回顾性病例系列研究。
151只患有IAGL的犬和400只对照犬。
回顾了3.5年期间对犬腹部进行超声检查的报告。如果描述有结节或肿块，或者任一肾上腺的宽度≥10mm，则肾上腺被分类为患有IAGL。对于患有IAGL的犬，从病历中获取有关特征、并发疾病和结局的信息。将结果与同期检查的400只对照犬的结果进行比较。
在3748只犬中有151只（4%）检测到IAGL。患有IAGL的犬比对照犬显著更老（中位年龄，11.25岁）且更重（中位体重，21kg[46.2磅]）（对照犬中位年龄，9.5岁；中位体重，14kg[30.8磅]）。在20只接受肾上腺切除术或尸检且IAGL最大尺寸范围为20至46mm的犬中，有6只（30%）报告为恶性肿瘤；良性病变的最大尺寸均<20mm。患有IAGL的犬报告了各种并发情况，包括43只（28.5%）犬患有非肾上腺恶性肿瘤。
9岁及以上的犬更易发生IAGL。基于这个小数据集，对于最大尺寸≥20mm的IAGL应怀疑为恶性。
