Lagerlund Magdalena, Drake Isabel, Wirfält Elisabet, Sontrop Jessica M, Zackrisson Sophia
aDepartment of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Diagnostic Radiology bDepartment of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Research group in Nutritional Epidemiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden cDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
Eur J Cancer Prev. 2015 Jan;24(1):44-50. doi: 10.1097/CEJ.0000000000000025.
To determine whether health-related lifestyle factors are associated with attendance at a population-based invitational mammography screening program in southern Sweden, data on health-related lifestyle factors (smoking, alcohol use, physical activity, BMI, diet, self-rated health, and stress) were obtained from the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study and linked to the Malmö mammography register (Sweden, 1992-2009). Women (n=11 409) who were free from breast cancer at study entry were included in the cohort, and mammography attendance was followed from cohort entry to 31 December 2009. Generalized estimating equations were used to account for repeated measures within patients. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) are reported. Nonattendance occurred in 8% of the 69 746 screening opportunities that were observed. Nonattendance was more common among women who were current or former smokers [OR=1.60 (1.45-1.76) and OR=1.15 (1.05-1.28)], had not used alcohol in the past year [OR=1.55 (1.32-1.83)], were less physically active outside of work [OR=1.10 (1.00-1.20)], had high physical activity at work (OR=1.13, 95% CI: 1.00-1.28), were vegetarians or vegans [OR=1.49 (1.11-1.99)], had not used dietary supplements [OR=1.11 (1.01-1.21)], had poor self-rated health [OR=1.24 (1.14-1.36)], and were experiencing greater stress [OR=1.25 (1.14-1.36)]. In this cohort, nonattendance was associated with smoking, alcohol abstinence, physical activity, poor self-rated health, stress, and following a vegetarian/vegan diet. These findings generally support the notion that women with less healthy lifestyles are less likely to engage in mammography screening.
为了确定与健康相关的生活方式因素是否与瑞典南部一项基于人群的邀请式乳房X线筛查项目的参与情况相关，从马尔默饮食与癌症研究中获取了与健康相关的生活方式因素（吸烟、饮酒、身体活动、体重指数、饮食、自我评估健康状况和压力）的数据，并将其与马尔默乳房X线登记册（瑞典，1992 - 2009年）相联系。研究纳入了在研究开始时无乳腺癌的女性（n = 11409），并对队列中从入组到2009年12月31日的乳房X线检查参与情况进行了跟踪。使用广义估计方程来处理患者内的重复测量。报告了调整后的比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI）。在观察到的69746次筛查机会中，8%出现了未参与筛查的情况。未参与筛查在当前或既往吸烟者[OR = 1.60（1.45 - 1.76））和OR = 1.15（1.05 - 1.28）]、过去一年未饮酒者[OR = 1.55（1.32 - 1.83）]、工作以外身体活动较少者[OR = 1.10（1.00 - 1.20）]、工作时身体活动量高者（OR = 1.13，95% CI：1.00 - 1.28）、素食者或纯素食者[OR = 1.49（1.11 - 1.99）]、未使用膳食补充剂者[OR = 1.11（1.01 - 1.21）]、自我评估健康状况较差者[OR = 1.24（1.14 - 1.36）]以及压力较大者[OR = 1.25（1.14 - 1.36）]中更为常见。在这个队列中，未参与筛查与吸烟、戒酒、身体活动、自我评估健康状况差、压力以及遵循素食/纯素食饮食有关。这些发现总体上支持了生活方式不太健康的女性参与乳房X线筛查的可能性较小这一观点。
