Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, CIMA-Centro de Investigaciones del Medio Ambiente, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2014;21(16):9676-88. doi: 10.1007/s11356-014-2904-x. Epub 2014 May 3.
After reductions of fugitive and diffuse emissions by an industrial complex, a follow-up study was performed to determine the time variability of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and the lifetime cancer risk (LCR). Passive samplers (3 M monitors) were placed outdoors (n = 179) and indoors (n = 75) in industrial, urban, and control areas for 4 weeks. Twenty-five compounds including n-alkanes, cycloalkanes, aromatics, chlorinated hydrocarbons, and terpenes were determined by GC/MS. The results show a significant decrease of all VOCs, especially in the industrial area and to a lesser extent in the urban area. The median outdoor concentration of benzene in the industrial area declined compared to the former study, around 85% and about 50% in the urban area, which in the past was strongly influenced by industrial emissions. Other carcinogenic compounds like styrene and tetrachloroethylene were reduced to approximately 60%. VOC concentrations in control areas remained nearly unchanged. According to the determined BTEX ratios and interspecies correlations, in contrast to the previous study, traffic was identified as the main emission source in the urban and control areas and showed an increased influence in the industrial area. The LCR, calculated for benzene, styrene, and tetrachloroethylene, shows a decrease of one order of magnitude in accordance to the decreased total VOC concentrations and is now acceptable according to values proposed by the World Health Organization.
在工业综合体减少逸散性和扩散性排放后，进行了一项后续研究，以确定挥发性有机化合物 (VOC) 的时间变异性和终生癌症风险 (LCR)。在工业、城市和对照区域，将被动采样器（3M 监测器）放置在户外（n=179）和户内（n=75），持续 4 周。通过 GC/MS 测定了包括正烷烃、环烷烃、芳烃、氯化烃和萜烯在内的 25 种化合物。结果表明，所有 VOC 均显著减少，尤其是在工业区，在城市区则减少较少。与之前的研究相比，工业区域的户外苯中位数浓度下降，城市区域下降约 85%和 50%，过去苯浓度受到工业排放的强烈影响。其他致癌化合物，如苯乙烯和四氯乙烯，减少到约 60%。对照区的 VOC 浓度几乎保持不变。根据确定的 BTEX 比值和种间相关性，与之前的研究相比，交通被确定为城市和对照区的主要排放源，在工业区的影响增加。根据世界卫生组织提出的数值，计算出的苯、苯乙烯和四氯乙烯的 LCR 与总 VOC 浓度降低一致，呈数量级下降，现在是可接受的。
