Oenning Nágila Soares Xavier, Carvalho Fernando Martins, Lima Veronica Maria Cadena
Rev Saude Publica. 2014 Feb;48(1):103-22. doi: 10.1590/s0034-8910.2014048004609.
To identify risk factors for absenteeism among workers with sick leave in an oil company.
A case-control study (120 cases and 656 controls) nested in a retrospective cohort study following up all employees of an oil company in the North-Northeast of Brazil from 2007 to 2009. The response variable used to represent absenteeism with sick leave was the average incidence of sick leave, defined as the ratio between total sick days and potential working days in the period. Logistic regression techniques were used to investigate the association between average incidence of sick leave > 5.0% over the period and the variables sex, position, age, time at work, shift work, smoking, arterial hypertension, body mass index, physical activity, coronary risk, sleep, glycemia, non-managed diabetes, cardiovascular, digestive, musculoskeletal, neurological and neoplastic diseases, straining body positioning during work, satisfaction at work, relationship with management, and concentrated attention at work.
Average incidence of sick leave higher than 5.0% in the cohort period was 15.5%. The logistic model revealed that workers with average incidence of sick leave higher than 5.0% were 2.6 times more likely to be female; 2.0 time more likely to be smokers; 1.8 time more likely to be former smokers; 2.2 times more likely to report abnormal sleep and 10.5 times more likely to report dissatisfaction with their than workers with average incidence of sick leave ≤ 5.0% in the period.
In this population, female gender, being a smoker or a former smoker, reporting dissatisfaction with the job and reporting abnormal sleep are good predictors of occupational absenteeism with sick leave.
确定一家石油公司中休病假员工旷工的风险因素。
一项病例对照研究（120例病例和656例对照）嵌套于一项回顾性队列研究中，该队列研究对2007年至2009年巴西东北部一家石油公司的所有员工进行了随访。用于表示休病假旷工情况的反应变量是病假平均发生率，定义为该时期总病假天数与潜在工作日数之比。采用逻辑回归技术研究该时期病假平均发生率>5.0%与性别、职位、年龄、工作时间、轮班工作、吸烟、动脉高血压、体重指数、身体活动、冠心病风险、睡眠、血糖、未控制的糖尿病、心血管疾病、消化系统疾病、肌肉骨骼疾病、神经系统疾病和肿瘤疾病、工作时身体姿势紧张、工作满意度、与管理层的关系以及工作时注意力集中程度等变量之间的关联。
队列研究期间病假平均发生率高于5.0%的比例为15.5%。逻辑模型显示，与该时期病假平均发生率≤5.0%的员工相比，病假平均发生率高于5.0%的员工为女性的可能性高2.6倍；吸烟的可能性高2.0倍；既往吸烟的可能性高1.8倍；报告睡眠异常的可能性高2.2倍；报告对工作不满意的可能性高10.5倍。
在该人群中，女性、吸烟或既往吸烟、报告对工作不满意以及报告睡眠异常是休病假职业旷工的良好预测因素。
