Benites Bruno Deltreggia, Gilli Simone Cristina Olenscki, Saad Sara Teresinha Olalla
Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Rev Bras Hematol Hemoter. 2014 Mar;36(2):147-51. doi: 10.5581/1516-8484.20140032.
Bone marrow is organized in specialized microenvironments known as 'marrow niches'. These are important for the maintenance of stem cells and their hematopoietic progenitors whose homeostasis also depends on other cell types present in the tissue. Extrinsic factors, such as infection and inflammatory states, may affect this system by causing cytokine dysregulation (imbalance in cytokine production) and changes in cell proliferation and self-renewal rates, and may also induce changes in the metabolism and cell cycle. Known to relate to chronic inflammation, obesity is responsible for systemic changes that are best studied in the cardiovascular system. Little is known regarding the changes in the hematopoietic system induced by the inflammatory state carried by obesity or the cell and molecular mechanisms involved. The understanding of the biological behavior of hematopoietic stem cells under obesity-induced chronic inflammation could help elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in other inflammatory processes, such as neoplastic diseases and bone marrow failure syndromes.
骨髓组织存在于被称为“骨髓龛”的特殊微环境中。这些微环境对于干细胞及其造血祖细胞的维持非常重要，而它们的稳态也依赖于组织中存在的其他细胞类型。诸如感染和炎症状态等外在因素，可能通过导致细胞因子失调（细胞因子产生失衡）以及细胞增殖和自我更新率的改变来影响这个系统，还可能诱导代谢和细胞周期的变化。肥胖与慢性炎症相关，它会引发全身性变化，这在心血管系统中已有深入研究。关于肥胖所带来的炎症状态对造血系统的影响以及所涉及的细胞和分子机制，我们所知甚少。了解肥胖诱导的慢性炎症状态下造血干细胞的生物学行为，有助于阐明其他炎症过程（如肿瘤性疾病和骨髓衰竭综合征）所涉及的病理生理机制。
