Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
Department of Ecology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
Sci Total Environ. 2014 Jul 15;487:313-22. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.04.024. Epub 2014 May 3.
Metal (Zn, Pb, Cd, Cu, Ni, Cr) accumulation in shoots of 38 plant species spontaneously colonizing three Zn-Pb waste deposits in southern Poland was studied in order to find out if the age of the waste (30-130 years) or its type (slag or flotation residues) influence metal content in plants and to identify species potentially suitable for biomonitoring and phytoremediation. The total metal concentrations in the waste upper layers ranged from 7300 to 171,790 mg kg(-1) for Zn, from 1390 to 22,265 mg kg(-1) for Pb, and from 66 to 1,464 mg kg(-1) for Cd, whereas CaCl2-extracted fractions accounted for 0.034-0.11 %, 0.005-0.03 %, and 0.28-0.62 % of total Zn, Pb and Cd concentrations, respectively. The concentrations of Cu, Ni, and Cr in substrates and in plants were low and ranged within the background values. Metal accumulation in plant shoots was poorly correlated with both total and CaCl2-extracted forms of metals in the substrate and was highly variable among species and also specimens of the same species. The highest mean concentrations of Zn, Pb and Cd were found in Anthyllis vulneraria L. (901.5 mg kg(-1)), Echium vulgare L. (116.92 mg kg(-1)), and Hieracium piloselloides Vill. (26.86 mg kg(-1)), respectively. Besides Reseda lutea L., no species appeared to be a good indicator of polymetallic environment pollution based on chemical analysis of shoots; however, metal accumulation in the whole plant communities of a particular contaminated area might be an accurate tool for assessment of metal transfer to vegetation irrespective of the type or age of the waste. All the species studied developed a metal exclusion strategy, thus exhibiting potential for phytostabilization of metalliferous wastelands.
为了研究 30-130 年不等的废矿龄或其类型（渣或浮选尾矿）是否会影响植物体内金属含量，并确定潜在适合用于生物监测和植物修复的物种，研究了 38 种在波兰南部三个锌铅废料场自然定殖的植物物种的茎叶中金属（锌、铅、镉、铜、镍、铬）的积累情况。废物上层的总金属浓度范围为锌 7300-171790mgkg(-1)、铅 1390-22265mgkg(-1)、镉 66-1464mgkg(-1)，而氯化钙提取的部分分别占总锌、铅和镉浓度的 0.034-0.11%、0.005-0.03%和 0.28-0.62%。基质和植物中的铜、镍和铬浓度较低，且均处于背景值范围内。植物茎叶中的金属积累与基质中的总金属和氯化钙提取金属形式相关性较差，且在物种间以及同一物种的不同样本间差异很大。在 Anthyllis vulneraria L.（901.5mgkg(-1)）、 Echium vulgare L.（116.92mgkg(-1)）和 Hieracium piloselloides Vill.（26.86mgkg(-1)）中发现了最高的锌、铅和镉平均浓度。除了 Reseda lutea L.之外，没有一种物种因其茎叶的化学分析而被认为是多金属环境污染的良好指示剂；然而，特定污染地区的整个植物群落中金属的积累可能是评估金属向植被转移的准确工具，而与废物的类型或年龄无关。所有研究的物种都采用了金属排斥策略，因此具有稳定富含金属荒地的潜力。
