Dong Bo, Hannezo Edouard, Hayashi Shigeo
Laboratory for Morphogenetic Signaling, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, 2-2-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan.
Physicochimie Curie (Institut Curie/CNRS-UMR168/UPMC), Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France.
Cell Rep. 2014 May 22;7(4):941-50. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.03.066. Epub 2014 May 1.
The morphological stability of biological tubes is crucial for the efficient circulation of fluids and gases. Failure of this stability causes irregularly shaped tubes found in multiple pathological conditions. Here, we report that Drosophila mutants of the ESCRT III component Shrub/Vps32 exhibit a strikingly elongated sinusoidal tube phenotype. This is caused by excessive apical membrane synthesis accompanied by the ectopic accumulation and overactivation of Crumbs in swollen endosomes. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the apical extracellular matrix (aECM) of the tracheal tube is a viscoelastic material coupled with the apical membrane. We present a simple mechanical model in which aECM elasticity, apical membrane growth, and their interaction are three vital parameters determining the stability of biological tubes. Our findings demonstrate a mechanical role for the extracellular matrix and suggest that the interaction of the apical membrane and an elastic aECM determines the final morphology of biological tubes independent of cell shape.
生物管的形态稳定性对于液体和气体的有效循环至关重要。这种稳定性的丧失会导致在多种病理状况下出现形状不规则的管子。在此，我们报道了ESCRT III组分Shrub/Vps32的果蝇突变体表现出显著延长的正弦形管表型。这是由顶端膜过度合成以及肿胀内体中Crumb的异位积累和过度激活所致。此外，我们证明气管管的顶端细胞外基质（aECM）是一种与顶端膜相连的粘弹性材料。我们提出了一个简单的力学模型，其中aECM弹性、顶端膜生长及其相互作用是决定生物管稳定性的三个关键参数。我们的研究结果证明了细胞外基质的力学作用，并表明顶端膜与弹性aECM的相互作用决定了生物管的最终形态，而与细胞形状无关。
