Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Clin Psychol Rev. 2014 Jun;34(4):324-36. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2014.04.002. Epub 2014 Apr 21.
Hoarding disorder is characterized by extreme difficulty letting go of objects other people would routinely discard or give away, such that the home becomes dysfunctionally cluttered with possessions. Specific cognitive processes, such as decision-making, categorization, and attention, have been hypothesized to contribute to the overvaluing of objects. This review synthesizes the evidence related to those propositions and other executive functioning processes that have received research attention. In this paper, we are primarily interested in cognitive processes that can be, but are not always, studied using performance tasks. Compared to both healthy controls and clinical controls, participants with clinical levels of compulsive hoarding show replicable performance deficits in several areas: planning/problem-solving decisions, visuospatial learning and memory, sustained attention/working memory, and organization. Categorization/concept formation, visuospatial processing, and inhibitory control require further investigation and more detailed testing methods to address inconsistencies in reported findings. Many studies fail to account for potential confounds presented by comorbid depression and between-group differences in age, a problem that should be rectified in future research on this topic. The article concludes with recommendations for a research agenda to better understand contributors to abnormal valuing of objects in hoarding disorder.
囤积症的特点是极难舍弃他人通常会丢弃或赠送的物品，导致家中的物品杂乱无章，无法正常使用。人们假设特定的认知过程，如决策、分类和注意力，有助于对物品的过度重视。这篇综述综合了与这些假设以及其他受到研究关注的执行功能过程相关的证据。在本文中，我们主要关注那些可以但并不总是可以使用绩效任务进行研究的认知过程。与健康对照组和临床对照组相比，具有临床水平强迫性囤积症的参与者在以下几个方面表现出可重复的表现缺陷：规划/解决问题的决策、视空间学习和记忆、持续注意力/工作记忆和组织。分类/概念形成、视空间处理和抑制控制需要进一步的调查和更详细的测试方法来解决报告结果中的不一致。许多研究没有考虑到共病抑郁症和组间年龄差异带来的潜在混杂因素，这个问题应该在未来关于这个主题的研究中得到纠正。文章最后提出了一个研究议程的建议，以更好地理解囤积症中对物品异常重视的原因。
