School of Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK.
Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2014 Jul;44(1):26-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2014.02.013. Epub 2014 Apr 3.
Worldwide, healthcare is facing enormous problems with the continuing rise of drug-resistant infectious diseases. In view of the scarcity of new antimicrobial agents and the withdrawal of many pharmaceutical houses from the fray, alternative approaches are required. One of these is photoantimicrobial chemotherapy, which is highly effective across the range of microbial pathogens and does not suffer from resistance. However, there is a lack of uptake of this approach by healthcare providers and the pharmaceutical industry alike. It is seldom recalled that, unlike anticancer photodynamic therapy, the development of photoantimicrobial agents has evolved from the antiseptic 'dye therapy' in common use until the widespread introduction of the penicillin class in the mid-1940s. Cationic biological dyes such as methylene blue, crystal violet and acriflavine were effective in local wound therapy and today provide a sound basis for light-activated antimicrobial therapeutics. It is proposed that such 'safe' dyes are introduced as locally administered photoantimicrobials, especially in order to conserve valuable conventional antibacterial drugs.
在全球范围内，耐药性传染病的持续增加给医疗保健带来了巨大的问题。鉴于新的抗菌药物稀缺，并且许多制药公司已经退出竞争，因此需要寻找替代方法。其中一种方法是光抗菌化疗，它对各种微生物病原体都非常有效，并且不会产生耐药性。然而，医疗保健提供者和制药行业都没有充分采用这种方法。人们很少回忆起，与抗癌光动力疗法不同，光抗菌剂的发展是从 20 世纪 40 年代中期广泛引入青霉素类药物之前普遍使用的防腐“染料疗法”演变而来的。阳离子生物染料，如亚甲蓝、结晶紫和吖啶黄，在局部伤口治疗中有效，如今为光激活抗菌治疗提供了坚实的基础。有人提议将此类“安全”染料作为局部应用的光抗菌剂引入，尤其是为了保护宝贵的传统抗菌药物。
