Department of Psychology, Suffolk University, Boston, MA.
J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2014 May;35(4):257-65. doi: 10.1097/DBP.0000000000000058.
To describe ethnic/racial group differences in prescription drug misuse within a nationally representative sample of US adolescents. Also to identify potential sociocultural influences on this health risk behavior.
A secondary data analysis was conducted on the public-use data of the 2010 National Survey of Drug Use and Health using the records of 12- to 17-year-old African American, Hispanic, and white participants (N = 18,614). Logistic and Poisson regression analyses focused on examining the predictive role of perceived parental and peer substance use disapproval on adolescents' prescription drug misuse and how these social influences varied by ethnic group.
Within this sample, 10.4% of adolescents endorsed misusing 1 or more subtypes of prescription drugs. The results showed significant ethnic group differences in rates of prescription drug misuse such that white adolescents reported the highest rates and African American adolescents reported the lowest rates of prescription drug misuse. Rates of misuse for Hispanic adolescents fell in between. Importantly, perceived parental and peer substance use disapproval decreased the likelihood of prescription drug misuse most significantly among white adolescents compared to Hispanic and African American adolescents. Furthermore, influence of disapproval differed by the type of substance, indicating ethnic group differences in disapproval, such as views of alcohol versus marijuana use.
These findings provide new ethnic group-specific information about the role that the attitudes of peers and parents on substance use may play in whether adolescents misuse prescription drugs. Future studies should explore possible parent/peer-related socialization mechanisms, which may account for these ethnic group differences.
在一个具有全国代表性的美国青少年样本中，描述种族/民族群体在处方药滥用方面的差异。并确定这种健康风险行为的潜在社会文化影响因素。
利用 2010 年全国毒品使用与健康调查的公开数据，对 12 至 17 岁的非裔美国人、西班牙裔和白人参与者（N=18614）的记录进行二次数据分析。逻辑和泊松回归分析侧重于检验父母和同伴对青少年处方药滥用的物质使用不赞成的感知对青少年处方药滥用的预测作用，以及这些社会影响如何因种族群体而异。
在该样本中，有 10.4%的青少年表示滥用了 1 种或多种类型的处方药物。结果显示，处方药滥用率存在显著的种族群体差异，白人青少年报告的滥用率最高，而非洲裔美国青少年报告的滥用率最低。西班牙裔青少年的滥用率介于两者之间。重要的是，与西班牙裔和非裔美国青少年相比，父母和同伴对物质使用的不赞成感知显著降低了白人青少年处方药滥用的可能性。此外，不赞成的影响因物质类型而异，表明在对酒精和大麻使用的看法等方面存在种族群体差异。
这些发现提供了关于同龄人及父母对物质使用的态度在青少年是否滥用处方药方面可能发挥作用的新的种族群体特异性信息。未来的研究应该探索可能的父母/同伴相关社会化机制，这可能解释了这些种族群体差异。
