家庭因素面面观：父母物质滥用、严厉教养与青少年司法涉案青少年的物质滥用行为。
All in the family: parental substance misuse, harsh parenting, and youth substance misuse among juvenile justice-involved youth.
机构信息
Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States.
Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States.
出版信息
Addict Behav. 2021 Aug;119:106888. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.106888. Epub 2021 Mar 4.
PURPOSE
Research consistently connects parental and youth substance misuse, yet less is known about the mechanisms driving this association among justice-involved youth. We examine whether harsh parenting is an explanatory mechanism for the association between parental substance use and parental mental health and youth substance use disorder in a sample of justice-involved youth.
METHODS
Data were drawn from the Northwestern Juvenile Project, a large-scale longitudinal survey of mental health and substance misuse in a representative sample of youth in juvenile detention. Harsh parenting, child maltreatment, youth alcohol and cannabis use disorder, and parental substance misuse and mental health were assessed among 1,825 detained youth (35.95% female) at baseline, three-year follow-up, and four-year follow-up.
RESULTS
At baseline, over 80% of youth used alcohol and/or cannabis; at the four-year follow-up, 16.35% and 19.69% of the youth were diagnosed with alcohol and cannabis use disorder, respectively. More than 20% of youth reported their parent misused substances and 6.11% reported a parent had a severe mental health need. Black youth experienced significantly fewer types of harsh parenting compared to White youth. Multivariate path analyses revealed harsh parenting mediated the association between parental substance misuse and mental health on youth alcohol and cannabis use disorder. Harsh parenting that does not rise to the level of child maltreatment mediated the association between parental substance misuse and mental health on youth alcohol use disorder; in contrast, child maltreatment did not mediate these associations. Multigroup analyses revealed the effect of harsh parenting on youth alcohol and cannabis use disorder did not vary across sex or race-ethnic subgroups.
CONCLUSIONS
Harsh parenting represents one mechanism for the intergenerational continuity of alcohol and cannabis misuse and should be regularly assessed for and addressed in juvenile justice settings.
目的
研究不断将父母和青年物质滥用联系起来，但对于参与司法程序的青年中这种关联的驱动机制知之甚少。我们研究了在参与司法程序的青年样本中，严厉的父母管教是否是父母物质使用与父母心理健康和青年物质使用障碍之间关联的解释机制。
方法
数据来自西北少年项目，这是对少年拘留所中具有代表性的青年心理健康和物质滥用的大规模纵向调查。在基线、三年随访和四年随访时，对 1825 名被拘留的青年（35.95%为女性）进行了严厉的父母管教、儿童虐待、青年酒精和大麻使用障碍以及父母物质滥用和心理健康评估。
结果
在基线时，超过 80%的青年使用酒精和/或大麻；在四年随访时，分别有 16.35%和 19.69%的青年被诊断出患有酒精和大麻使用障碍。超过 20%的青年报告其父母滥用物质，6.11%的青年报告其父母有严重的心理健康需求。黑人青年经历的严厉父母管教类型明显少于白人青年。多变量路径分析显示，严厉的父母管教中介了父母物质滥用和心理健康与青年酒精和大麻使用障碍之间的关联。未达到儿童虐待程度的严厉父母管教中介了父母物质滥用和心理健康与青年酒精使用障碍之间的关联；相比之下，儿童虐待并没有介导这些关联。多组分析表明，严厉的父母管教对青年酒精和大麻使用障碍的影响在性别或种族-民族亚组之间没有差异。
结论
严厉的父母管教代表了酒精和大麻滥用代际连续性的一个机制，在少年司法环境中应定期评估和解决这一问题。
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